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The human nervous system consists of two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord. The PNS consists mainly of nerves, which are long fibers that connect the CNS to every other part of the body. The PNS includes motor neurons, mediating voluntary movement ...
Mathematics of artificial neural networks. An artificial neural network (ANN) combines biological principles with advanced statistics to solve problems in domains such as pattern recognition and game-play. ANNs adopt the basic model of neuron analogues connected to each other in a variety of ways.
A neuron, neurone, [1] or nerve cell is an excitable cell that fires electric signals called action potentials across a neural network in the nervous system.Neurons communicate with other cells via synapses, which are specialized connections that commonly use minute amounts of chemical neurotransmitters to pass the electric signal from the presynaptic neuron to the target cell through the ...
Synapse. Diagram of a chemical synaptic connection. In the nervous system, a synapse[1] is a structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron or to the target effector cell. Synapses are essential to the transmission of nervous impulses from one neuron to another, [2] playing a key role ...
Neuronal tracing, or neuron reconstruction is a technique used in neuroscience to determine the pathway of the neurites or neuronal processes, the axons and dendrites, of a neuron. From a sample preparation point of view, it may refer to some of the following as well as other genetic neuron labeling techniques, Manual tracing of neuronal ...
Artificial neuron structure. An artificial neuron is a mathematical function conceived as a model of biological neurons in a neural network. Artificial neurons are the elementary units of artificial neural networks. [1] The artificial neuron is a function that receives one or more inputs, applies weights to these inputs, and sums them to ...
Cranial nerve – neuron bundles that connect to the brain on one end, and to locations outside the brain on the other, without having a junction inside the spinal column Cranial nerve zero – controversial but commonly found nerve which may be vestigial or may be related to sensing pheromones; Olfactory nerve (cranial nerve 1) – smell
Neurotubules are undivided hollow cylinders that are made up of tubulin protein polymers [2] and arrays parallel to the plasma membrane in neurons. [3] Neurotubules have an outer diameter of about 23 nm and an inner diameter, also known as the central core, of about 12 nm. The wall of the neurotubules is about 5 nm in width.