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In addition to ammonium bicarbonate, this material contains ammonium carbamate (NH 4 CO 2 NH 2), and ammonium carbonate ((NH 4) 2 CO 3). It is sometimes called ammonium sesquicarbonate. It possesses a strong ammoniacal smell, and on digestion with alcohol, the carbamate is dissolved leaving a residue of ammonium bicarbonate. [3]
Hartshorn salt, also known as hartshorn, baker's ammonia, ammonium carbonate and ammonium bicarbonate is used as a leavening agent in baked goods in place of yeast, baking soda and baking powder. It was more popular in the 1700s and prior as a forerunner of the modern baking powder [ 7 ] but is still used today in traditional German, Swiss ...
Ammonium hexafluorotitanate [47] Ammonium hexafluorozirconate [48] Ammonium hydroxide – [NH 4]OH [49] Ammonium nitrate – [NH 4]NO 3 [50] Ammonium orthomolybdate – [NH 4] 2 MoO 4; Ammonium sulfamate – [NH 4]SO 3 NH 2 [51] Ammonium sulfide – [NH 4] 2 S; Ammonium sulfite – [NH 4] 2 SO 3 [52] Ammonium sulfate – [NH 4] 2 SO 4 [53 ...
Solid ammonium carbonate and ammonium bicarbonate salts partly dissociate to form NH 3, CO 2 and H 2 O vapour as follows: (NH 4) 2 CO 3 → 2 NH 3 + CO 2 + H 2 O NH 4 HCO 3 → NH 3 + CO 2 + H 2 O. The smelling salts release ammonia (NH 3) gas, which triggers an inhalation reflex.
In water solutions, the carbamate anion slowly equilibrates with the ammonium NH + 4 cation and the carbonate CO 2− 3 or bicarbonate HCO − 3 anions: [3] [4] [5] H 2 NCO − 2 + 2 H 2 O ⇌ NH + 4 + HCO − 3 + OH − H 2 NCO − 2 + H 2 O ⇌ NH + 4 + CO 2− 3. Calcium carbamate is soluble in water, whereas calcium carbonate is not.
Ammonium carbonate is produced by combining carbon dioxide and aqueous ammonia. About 80,000 tons/year were produced as of 1997. 2 NH 3 + H 2 O + CO 2 → [NH 4] 2 CO 3 [2] An orthorhombic ammonium carbonate monohydrate is known ([NH 4] 2 CO 3 ·H 2 O). It crystallizes in an ammonia solution exposed in a carbon dioxide-rich atmosphere. [3]
The tables below provides information on the variation of solubility of different substances (mostly inorganic compounds) in water with temperature, at one atmosphere pressure.
The bicarbonate ion (hydrogencarbonate ion) is an anion with the empirical formula HCO − 3 and a molecular mass of 61.01 daltons; it consists of one central carbon atom surrounded by three oxygen atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement, with a hydrogen atom attached to one of the oxygens.