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Adal (Harari: አዳል; Somali: Awdal), known as Awdal or Aw Abdal [1] [2] was a historical Muslim region in the Horn of Africa. [3] [4] Located east of Ifat and the Awash river as far as the coast, and including Harar as well as Zeila.
The Adal Sultanate, also known as the Adal Empire [2] or Bar Saʿad dīn (alt. spelling Adel Sultanate, Adal Sultanate) (Arabic: سلطنة عدل), was a medieval Sunni Muslim Empire which was located in the Horn of Africa. [3] It was founded by Sabr ad-Din III on the Harar plateau in Adal after the fall of the Sultanate of Ifat. [4]
A map of the Adal Sultanate in 1537-1540 during the Ethiopian-Adal war. Items portrayed in this file depicts. creator. some value. author name string: محرر ...
1832 map by John Arrowsmith illustrating Hubetta's location in the Emirate of Harar. Hubat (Harari: ሆበት Hobät), also known as Hobat, or Kubat was a historical Muslim state located in present-day eastern Ethiopia. [1] [2] [3] Historically part of the Adal region alongside Gidaya and Hargaya states on the Harar plateau. [4]
Adal's headquarters were relocated in the following century, this time to Harar. From this new capital, Adal organised an effective army led by Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi (Ahmad "Gurey" or Ahmad "Gran") that invaded the Abyssinian empire. [50] This 16th century campaign is historically known as the Conquest of Abyssinia (Futuh al-Habash).
Map of Zeila region circa 1744 alternatively known as Kingdom of Adal, bordering Oromo (Galla) to its immediate west and Mogadishu in the south. In the medieval Arab world the Muslim inhabited domains in the Horn of Africa were often referred to as Zeila to differentiate them from the Christian territories designated Habasha.
The Ethiopian–Adal War, also known as the Abyssinian–Adal War and Futūḥ Al-Ḥabaša (Arabic: فتوح الحبش, lit. ' Conquest of Abyssinia '), was a war fought between the Christian Ethiopian Empire and the Muslim Adal Sultanate from 1529 to 1543.
Dakkar (Harari: ደክከር Däkkär, Somali: Doggor), also known as Dakar, or Deker, was a historical Muslim town located in present-day eastern Ethiopia. It served as the first capital of the Adal Sultanate after its founding in the early 15th century by Sabr ad-Din III. [1]