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Plant breeding started with sedentary agriculture, particularly the domestication of the first agricultural plants, a practice which is estimated to date back 9,000 to 11,000 years. Initially, early human farmers selected food plants with particular desirable characteristics and used these as a seed source for subsequent generations, resulting ...
Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. [1] It is used to improve the quality of plant products for use by humans and animals. [2] The goals of plant breeding are to produce crop varieties that boast unique and superior traits for a variety of applications.
The idea of using CCPs in plant breeding was published in 1956 [3] based on the barley composite cross devised by Harry Harlan and Mary Martini in 1929. [ 4 ] [ 3 ] Yield data for 4 different populations for 8–28 years were presented in the article and after 8–15 years of repeated breeding under natural selection , the populations out ...
Plant embryonic development, also plant embryogenesis, is a process that occurs after the fertilization of an ovule to produce a fully developed plant embryo. This is a pertinent stage in the plant life cycle that is followed by dormancy and germination . [ 1 ]
More recently, plant breeders have utilised CWR genes to improve a wide range of crops like rice (Oryza sativa), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and grain legumes. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] CWRs have contributed many useful genes to crop plants, and modern varieties of most major crops now contain genes from their wild relatives. [ 8 ]
Gérard Cusset provided a detailed in-depth analysis of the history of plant morphology, including plant development and evolution, from its beginnings to the end of the 20th century. [18] Rolf Sattler discussed fundamental principles of plant morphology [ 19 ] [ 20 ] and plant evo-devo.
Self-fertilization, where pollen from a plant will fertilise reproductive cells or ovules of the same plant; Cross-pollination, where pollen from one plant can only fertilize a different plant; Asexual propagation (e.g. runners from strawberry plants) where the new plant is genetically identical to its parent
Flowering is a pivotal step in plant development. Numerous epigenetic factors contribute to the regulation of flowering genes, known as flowering loci (FL). In Arabidopsis , flowering locus t is responsible for the production of florigen , which induces Turck_2008 in the shoot apical meristem, a special set of growth tissues, to establish ...