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Use of anticonvulsant medications should be carefully monitored during use in pregnancy. [94] For example, since the first trimester is the most susceptible period for fetal development, planning a routine antiepileptic drug dose that is safer for the first trimester could be beneficial to prevent pregnancy complications. [95]
Children should be treated with proper and effective therapy to prevent irreversible neural damage. [5] Treatment options for epilepsy include medications, diet, and surgery. [6] Diet and surgery are considered for children who have medication resistant epilepsy. [7]
Vistaril (hydroxyzine) – an antihistamine for the treatment of itches and irritations, an antiemetic, as a weak analgesic, an opioid potentiator, and as an anxiolytic; Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine) – a pro-drug stimulant used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and binge eating disorder; Vyvanse is converted into Dexedrine in vivo
Lamotrigine has fewer drug interactions than many anticonvulsant drugs, although pharmacokinetic interactions with carbamazepine, phenytoin and other hepatic enzyme-inducing medications may shorten half-life. [84] Dose adjustments should be made on clinical response, but monitoring may be of benefit in assessing compliance. [5]
About 20% of children on the ketogenic diet achieve freedom from seizures, and many are able to reduce the use of anticonvulsant drugs or eliminate them altogether. [18] Commonly, at around two years on the diet, or after six months of being seizure-free, the diet may be gradually discontinued over two or three months.
Phenobarbital was used for over 25 years as prophylaxis in the treatment of febrile seizures. [56] Although an effective treatment in preventing recurrent febrile seizures, it had no positive effect on patient outcome or risk of developing epilepsy. The treatment of simple febrile seizures with anticonvulsant prophylaxis is no longer recommended.
In children with one simple febrile seizure, starting anti-seizure medications is not recommended. [3] [54] While both fever medications (antipyretics) and anti-seizure medications reduce reoccurrence, the harmless nature of febrile seizures outweighs the risks of these medications. [54] However, if it was a complex febrile seizure, EEG should ...
A package of topiramate 25mg from Norway. Topiramate is used to treat epilepsy in children and adults, and it was originally used as an anticonvulsant. [19] In children, it is indicated for the treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, a disorder that causes seizures and developmental delay.