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Intra-industry trade is difficult to measure statistically because regarding products or industries as "the same" is partly a matter of definition and classification. For a very simple example, it could be argued that although a BMW and a Ford are both motor cars, and although a Budweiser and a Heineken are both beers, they are really all ...
The Grubel–Lloyd index measures intra-industry trade of a particular product. It was introduced by Herb Grubel and Peter Lloyd in 1971. = (+) | | + = | | +; where X i denotes the export, M i the import of good i.
New Trade theorists challenge the assumption of diminishing returns to scale, and some argue that using protectionist measures to build up a huge industrial base in certain industries would then allow those sectors to dominate the world market via a network effect. See also Intra-industry trade.
Marginal Intra-Industry Trade, a concept originating in international economics, refers to the degree to which the change in a country's exports over a certain period of time are essentially of the same products as its change in imports over the same period.
New trade theory (NTT) is a ... The resulting intra-industry reallocations of market shares and productive resources are much more pronounced than inter-industry ...
(In practice, governments restrict international trade for a variety of reasons; under Ulysses S. Grant, the US postponed opening up to free trade until its industries were up to strength, following the example set earlier by Britain. [34]) Nonetheless there is a large amount of empirical work testing the predictions of comparative advantage ...
No. of Billionaires: 406 Drivers of Wealth: Technology, real estate, manufacturing Famous Billionaire: Jack Ma 3. India
Intra-industry trade; ... Terms of trade; International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, ... established industries and businesses, ...