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S. arctica is typically a low shrub growing to only 15 centimetres (6 inches) in height, rarely to 25 cm (10 in), although it may reach 50 cm (20 in) in height in the Pacific Northwest. [4] It has round, shiny green leaves 1–4 cm ( 1 ⁄ 2 – 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) long and 6 cm ( 2 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) broad; they are pubescent, with long, silky, silvery ...
Arctic vegetation is largely controlled by the mean temperature in July, the warmest month. Arctic vegetation occurs in the tundra climate, where trees cannot grow.Tundra climate has two boundaries: the snow line, where permanent year-round snow and ice are on the ground, and the tree line, where the climate becomes warm enough for trees to grow. [7]
Achillea millefolium ssp. millefolium – introduced; Antennaria affinis – native, endemic (microspecies); Antennaria alpina; Antennaria angustata – native; Antennaria boecherana – native, endemic (microspecies)
In 1979, 6000 small Nothofagus plants were transferred from Tierra del Fuego to the Faroe Islands, making it the biggest Nothofagus population in Europe. Species from the Alaskan coastline and islands have also adapted well in the Faroe Islands, especially Pinus contorta, Picea sitchensis, Salix alaxensis, Populus trichocarpa and Alnus sinuata.
Salix polaris, the polar willow, is a species of willow with a circumpolar distribution in the high arctic tundra, extending north to the limits of land, and south of the Arctic in the mountains of Norway, the northern Ural Mountains, the northern Altay Mountains, Kamchatka, and British Columbia, Canada. [1] [2] [3] [4]
In the Cronquist system, the Salicaceae were assigned to their own order, Salicales, and contained three genera, Salix, Populus, and Chosenia (now a synonym of Salix). Recognized to be closely related to the Violaceae and Passifloraceae, the family is placed by the APG in the order Malpighiales.
Salix alba, the white willow, is a species of willow native to Europe and western and central Asia. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The name derives from the white tone to the undersides of the leaves. It is a medium to large deciduous tree growing up to 10–30 m tall, with a trunk up to 1 m diameter and an irregular, often-leaning crown.
Salix arctica; Salix herbacea; Salix lanata; Salix polaris; Saxifraga cernua; Saxifraga cespitosa; Saxifraga flagellaris; Saxifraga oppositifolia; Saxifraga rivularis; Schistidium poeltii; Silene acaulis; Sphagnum fimbriatum; Sphagnum squarrosum; Sphagnum wulfianum; The Structure and Biology of Arctic Flowering Plants; Flora of Svalbard