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For an allergy blood test, a sample of the patient's blood is sent to a laboratory for analysis. Allergy blood tests measure the presence of IgE antibodies to specific foods, pollens, mites, animals, insects and other environmental factors. (IgE, short for "immunoglobulin E", is the antibody that triggers food allergy symptoms.)
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The RAST is a radioimmunoassay test to detect specific IgE antibodies to suspected or known allergens for the purpose of guiding a diagnosis about allergy. [10] [11] IgE is the antibody associated with Type I allergic response: for example, if a person exhibits a high level of IgE directed against pollen, the test may indicate the person is allergic to pollen (or pollen-like) proteins.
Food allergy is principally diagnosed by careful history and examination. When reactions occur immediately after certain food ingestion then diagnosis is straight forward and can be documented by using carefully performed tests such as the skin prick test and the radioallergosorbent test RAST to detect specific IgE antibodies to specific food proteins and aero-allergens.
The antigen leukocyte antibody test (ALCAT test) is one that claims to measure adverse reactions to dietary substances. It was created by American Medical Testing Laboratories and is now marketed by Cell Science Systems (also known as ALCAT Diagnostic Systems) of Deerfield Beach, Florida .