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A permanganate (/ p ər ˈ m æ ŋ ɡ ə n eɪ t, p ɜːr-/) [1] is a chemical compound with the manganate(VII) ion, MnO − 4 , the conjugate base of permanganic acid . Because the manganese atom has a +7 oxidation state , the permanganate(VII) ion is a strong oxidising agent .
Potassium permanganate can be used to quantitatively determine the total oxidizable organic material in an aqueous sample. The value determined is known as the permanganate value. In analytical chemistry, a standardized aqueous solution of KMnO 4 is sometimes used as an oxidizing titrant for redox titrations (permanganometry). As potassium ...
Potassium permanganate is an oxidizing agent. [5] The British National Formulary recommends that each 100 mg be dissolved in a liter of water before use. [3] Potassium permanganate was first made in the 1600s and came into common medical use at least as early as the 1800s. [6] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines ...
Sodium permanganate is the inorganic compound with the formula Na MnO 4. It is closely related to the more commonly encountered potassium permanganate, but it is generally less desirable, because it is more expensive to produce. It is mainly available as the monohydrate. This salt absorbs water from the atmosphere and has a low melting point.
Potassium permanganate (KMnO 4) is a dark violet colored powder. Its reaction with glycerol (commonly known as glycerin or glycerine) (C 3 H 5 (OH) 3) is highly exothermic, resulting rapidly in a flame, along with the formation of carbon dioxide and water vapour:
Potassium permanganate, KMnO 4, is a widely used, versatile and powerful oxidising agent. Permanganic acid solutions are unstable, and gradually decompose into manganese dioxide , oxygen, and water, with initially formed manganese dioxide catalyzing further decomposition. [ 6 ]
Similar to potassium permanganate, the two-step decomposition of caesium permanganate leads to the formation of caesium manganate intermediates. It breaks down into manganese dioxide, caesium oxide and oxygen. [5] The decomposition temperature is between 200 and 300 °C. [6] Drift-away oxygen caused an 8% mass loss in the product. [6]
Ammonium permanganate is a strong oxidizer, owing to its permanganate anion, and it is a moderately strong explosive, owing to the combination of oxidizer permanganate anion and reducing ammonium cation. Dry ammonium permanganate can detonate by heat, shock, or friction, and it may explode at temperatures above 140 °F (60 °C). [1]