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Having its own blood supply, Meckel's diverticulum is susceptible to obstruction or infection. Meckel's diverticulum is located in the distal ileum, usually within 60–100 cm (2 feet) of the ileocecal valve. This blind segment or small pouch is about 3–6 cm (2 inch) long and may have a greater lumen diameter than that of the ileum. [20]
On this site of attachment, sometimes a pathological Meckel's diverticulum may be present. A mnemonic used to recall details of a Meckel's diverticulum is as follows: "2 inches long, within 2 feet of ileocecal valve , 2 times as common in males than females, 2% of population, 2% symptomatic, 2 types of ectopic tissue: gastric and pancreatic".
A diverticulum of Kommerell is an outpouching (aneurysm) of the aorta where an aberrant right subclavian artery is located. [16] It is unusual nomenclature, in that focal dilatations of a blood vessel are properly referred to as aneurysms. Cardiac diverticulum is a very rare congenital malformation of the heart that is usually benign. [17]
This is alternatively called the umbilical vesicle by the Terminologia Embryologica (TE), though yolk sac is far more widely used. The yolk sac is one of the fetal membranes and is important in early embryonic blood supply. [1] In humans much of it is incorporated into the primordial gut during the fourth week of embryonic development. [2]
Most vessels of the microcirculation are lined by flattened cells of the endothelium and many of them are surrounded by contractile cells called pericytes.The endothelium provides a smooth surface for the flow of blood and regulates the movement of water and dissolved materials in the interstitial plasma between the blood and the tissues.
The intervening portion of bowel within the abdomen is deprived of its blood supply and eventually becomes necrotic. Obturator hernia: hernia through obturator canal; Patient with a colostomy complicated by a large parastomal hernia. Parastomal hernias, which is when tissue protrudes adjacent to a stoma tract.
A Littre hernia is a very rare type of hernia which occurs when a Meckel's diverticulum protrudes through a defect in the abdominal wall. [1] It is named after French physician Alexis de Littre. [2] This hernia may occur in a number of anatomical locations, typically in the inguinal region (50%), umbilicus (20%) or femoral canal (20%).
A Zenker's diverticulum, also pharyngeal pouch, is a diverticulum of the mucosa of the human pharynx, just above the cricopharyngeal muscle (i.e. above the upper sphincter of the esophagus). It is a pseudo diverticulum or false diverticulum (only involving the mucosa and submucosa of the esophageal wall, not the adventitia), also known as a ...