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On the right, real sheet of a theatre surimono by Kunisada; on the left, a faked signature of Hokkei, c. 1825. Forgery is a white-collar crime that generally consists of the false making or material alteration of a legal instrument with the specific intent to defraud.
Dossiers Secrets — documents, planted in the National Library of France, that were used as the basis for a series of BBC documentaries; Habbush letter — a letter linking Saddam Hussein to al-Qaeda and the 9/11 attacks; Killian documents — memos critical of President George W. Bush's service in the National Guard
Documents feature prominently in all manner of business and personal affairs. Almost any type of document may become disputed in an investigation or litigation. For example, a questioned document may be a sheet of paper bearing handwriting or mechanically-produced text such as a ransom note, a forged cheque, or a business contract.
The falsification of documents, known as forgery, and counterfeiting are types of fraud involved in physical duplication or fabrication. The "theft" of one's personal information or identity, like finding another's social security number and then using it as identification, is a type of fraud.
Relatively rare events such as fraud may need to be over sampled to get a big enough sample size. [10] These manually classified records are then used to train a supervised machine learning algorithm. After building a model using this training data, the algorithm should be able to classify new records as either fraudulent or non-fraudulent.
Prison time is rare for people convicted in New York state of felony falsification of business records, the charge Trump, a businessman-turned-politician, faced at his six-week trial.
False documentation is the process of creating documents which record fictitious events. The documents can then be used to "prove" that the fictional events happened. A common propaganda tool, false documentation is often used by management groups and totalitarian governments for four basic reasons:
Japanese officials descended on the headquarters of Toyota on Tuesday, after a safety test scandal at a number of automakers in the country widened this week.