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The Kuhn length is a theoretical treatment, developed by Werner Kuhn, in which a real polymer chain is considered as a collection of Kuhn segments each with a Kuhn length . Each Kuhn segment can be thought of as if they are freely jointed with each other.
The advance ratio is a useful non-dimensional quantity in helicopter and propeller theory, since propellers and rotors will experience the same angle of attack on every blade airfoil section at the same advance ratio regardless of actual forward speed. It is the inverse of the tip speed ratio used for wind turbines.
Angle of curve from beginning of spiral (infinite R) to a particular point on the spiral. This can also be measured as the angle between the initial tangent and the tangent at the concerned point. θ s: Angle of full spiral curve L, s: Length measured along the spiral curve from its initial position L s, s o: Length of spiral curve
Lifting line theory supposes wings that are long and thin with negligible fuselage, akin to a thin bar (the eponymous "lifting line") of span 2s driven through the fluid. . From the Kutta–Joukowski theorem, the lift L(y) on a 2-dimensional segment of the wing at distance y from the fuselage is proportional to the circulation Γ(y) about the bar a
Their positions and orientations are uniquely defined by specifying the crank angle and hence the mechanism has only one degree of freedom (1-DoF). [5] The kinematics and dynamics of the Jansen mechanism have been exhaustively modeled using circle intersection method and bond graphs (Newton–Euler mechanics). [ 6 ]
Geometric constraint solving is constraint satisfaction in a computational geometry setting, which has primary applications in computer aided design. [1] A problem to be solved consists of a given set of geometric elements and a description of geometric constraints between the elements, which could be non-parametric (tangency, horizontality, coaxiality, etc) or parametric (like distance, angle ...
In the following equations, denotes the sagitta (the depth or height of the arc), equals the radius of the circle, and the length of the chord spanning the base of the arc. As 1 2 l {\displaystyle {\tfrac {1}{2}}l} and r − s {\displaystyle r-s} are two sides of a right triangle with r {\displaystyle r} as the hypotenuse , the Pythagorean ...
The golden angle is the angle subtended by the smaller (red) arc when two arcs that make up a circle are in the golden ratio. In geometry, the golden angle is the smaller of the two angles created by sectioning the circumference of a circle according to the golden ratio; that is, into two arcs such that the ratio of the length of the smaller arc to the length of the larger arc is the same as ...