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Galvanization (also spelled galvanisation) [1] is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron, to prevent rusting. The most common method is hot-dip galvanizing , in which the parts are coated by submerging them in a bath of hot, molten zinc.
The process of hot-dip galvanizing results in a metallurgical bond between zinc and steel, with a series of distinct iron-zinc alloys. The resulting coated steel can be used in much the same way as uncoated. A typical hot-dip galvanizing line operates as follows: [2] Steel is cleaned using a caustic solution. This removes oil/grease, dirt, and ...
Sherardising is a process of galvanization of ferrous metal surfaces, also called vapour galvanising and dry galvanizing.The process is named after British metallurgist Sherard Osborn Cowper-Coles (son of naval inventor Cowper Phipps Coles) who invented and patented the method c. 1900.
Electrogalvanizing is a process in which a layer of zinc is bonded to steel to protect against corrosion, enhance adhesion, or give an aesthetic appeal. The process involves electroplating, running a current of electricity through a saline-/zinc-based electrolytic solution with a zinc anode and steel cathode.
Production of galvannealed sheet steel begins with hot dip galvanization of sheet steel. After passing through the galvanizing zinc bath the sheet steel passes through air knives to remove excess zinc, and is then heated in an annealing furnace for several seconds causing iron and zinc layers to diffuse into one another causing the formation of zinc-iron alloy layers at the surface.
Mechanical galvanization is the same process, but applies to coatings that are thicker than 0.001 in (0.025 mm). [1] It is commonly used to overcome hydrogen embrittlement problems. Commonly plated workpieces include nails , screws , nuts , washers , stampings , springs , clips , and sintered iron components.
Galvanizing with zinc protects the steel base metal by sacrificial anodic action. Cathodic protection uses one or more sacrificial anodes made of a metal which is more active than the protected metal. Alloys of metals commonly used for sacrificial anodes include zinc, magnesium, and aluminium. This approach is commonplace in water heaters and ...
Sacrificial metals are widely used to prevent other metals from corroding: for example in galvanised steel. [3] Many steel objects are coated with a layer of zinc, which is more electronegative than iron, and thus oxidises in preference to the iron, preventing the iron from rusting. [4]