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The Court of Akbar, an illustration from a manuscript of the Akbarnama. The Ain-i-Akbari (Persian: آئینِ اکبری), or the "Administration of Akbar", is a 16th-century detailed document regarding the administration of the Mughal Empire under Emperor Akbar, written by his court historian, Abu'l Fazl, in the Persian language. [1]
The Fatwa-e-Alamgiri also formalized the legal principle of Muhtasib, or office of censor [29] that was already in use by previous rulers of the Mughal Empire. [2] Any publication or information could be declared as heresy, and its transmission made a crime. [2] Officials (kotwal) were created to implement the Sharia doctrine of hisbah. [2]
During the Mughal Empire, a number of the pre-existing Delhi Sultanate laws were combined into the Fatawa-e-Alamgiri, mandating several types of punishments for homosexuality. [40] These could include 50 lashes for a slave, 100 for a free infidel, or death by stoning for a Muslim.
Discrimination against homosexuality was largely imported from the western world through Islam and the Christian-derived morality during European colonialism, starting in the second millennium and ultimately culminating in the 17th century Fatawa-e-Alamgiri of the Mughal Empire and the 17th century Indian Penal Code of the British Empire. [2 ...
The Mughal empire had developed relationships with Europeans such as British, Portuguese, Russia, and France. Mughal relations with the British in the 16th century were quite difficult, as local Mughal officials usually exploited the East India Company, who responded the Mughal's harmful policies towards the British interest with harassing the Mughal vessels at the sea. [8]
Michael Fisher was born in 1950 to Roswita Hoffman 'Roz' Fisher and Robert Fisher. They had one other son, James. [2] [3]In 1972, Fisher graduated from Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut, with a B.A. degree, and thereafter entered the University of Chicago.
The Evolution of the British Empire and Commonwealth from the American Revolution: Alfred LeRoy Burt: This book cannot be imported into India. [26] 1969 A Struggle between two lines over the question of How to Deal with U.S. Imperialism: Hsiu-chu Fan This book cannot be imported into India. [26] 1970 Man from Moscow: Greville Wynne
The Mughal Empire, which was established following the defeat of Ibrahim Lodi in 1526 at the First Battle of Panipat and consolidated over the time with expansionist policy of its rulers, derived its strength from its nobility which was hypergamous and included the Indian muslims, Turks, Afghans, and even Hindu Rajputs and Khatris. The Mughal ...