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The terms proximal (from Latin proximus 'nearest') and distal (from Latin distare 'to stand away from') are used to describe parts of a feature that are close to or distant from the main mass of the body, respectively. [29] Thus the upper arm in humans is proximal and the hand is distal.
Bones are commonly described with the terms head, neck, shaft, body and base. The head of a bone usually refers to the distal end of the bone. The shaft refers to the elongated sections of long bone, and the neck the segment between the head and shaft (or body).
Anatomical terminology is a specialized system of terms used by anatomists, zoologists, and health professionals, such as doctors, surgeons, and pharmacists, to describe the structures and functions of the body. This terminology incorporates a range of unique terms, prefixes, and suffixes derived primarily from Ancient Greek and Latin.
Older set of terminology shown in Parts of the Human Body: Posterior and Anterior View from the 1933 edition of Sir Henry Morris' Human Anatomy. Many of these terms are medical latin terms that have fallen into disuse.
Most of the principal terms can be combined using their corresponding combining forms (such as mesio-for mesial and disto-for distal). They provide names for directions (vectors) and axes; for example, the coronoapical axis is the long axis of a tooth. Such combining yields terms such as those in the following list.
dilation, distal, dilute, different, dissection: dia-through, during, across Greek διά (diá), through, during, across dialysis: digit-of or pertaining to the finger [rare as a root] Latin digitus, finger, toe digit: diplo-twofold Greek διπλόος (diplóos) diploid, diplosis -dipsia (condition of) thirst Greek δίψα (dípsa)
Distal to the forearm bones are the metacarpal bones, which reside in the forelimb. These bones are located just beyond the wrist and serve as a link to the phalanges, or finger bones, at the end of the limbs. In the lower body, the femur is a prominent bone positioned between the hip and knee.
It consists of a cuffed, double-lumen tube that is inserted through the patient's mouth to secure an airway and enable ventilation.Generally, the distal tube (tube two, clear) enters the esophagus, where the cuff is inflated and ventilation is provided through the proximal tube (tube one, blue) which opens at the level of the larynx.