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Indigenous peoples in Canada demand to have their land rights and their Aboriginal titles respected by the Canadian government. These outstanding land claims are some of the main political issues facing Indigenous peoples today. [1] [2] The Government of Canada started recognizing Indigenous land claims in 1973.
The Supreme Court of Canada decision in R v Gladue both recognized this issue, and mandated justices to allow for provisions in sentencing that considered the historical and socio-economic factors that bring Indigenous peoples before the court, in order to reduce Indigenous over representation in the carceral system.
The Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples was a royal commission undertaken by the Government of Canada in 1991 to address issues of the Indigenous peoples of Canada. [151] It assessed past government policies toward Indigenous people, such as residential schools, and provided policy recommendations to the government. [152]
The more than 600 Indigenous communities across Canada, known as First Nations, face significant health challenges compared to other Canadians. Until the 1990s, Indigenous people were mostly ...
In response, Indigenous communities mobilized to resist colonial policies and assert their rights to self-determination and sovereignty. [18] Although Indigenous genocide denialism is a component of Canadian society, a period of redress began with the formation of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada by the Government of Canada in ...
For many Indigenous communities in Canada, food insecurity is a major, ongoing problem. [1] [2] A variety of factors, from poverty, the COVID-19 pandemic, government inaction and climate change, exacerbated by both historical and ongoing discrimination faced by Indigenous Canadians, have played a role in the creation of this crisis.
First Nation communities can start the specific claims process by submitting a claim to the Government of Canada. These claims must meet the minimum standards for specific claims submissions as set out by the Department of Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs , or they are immediately rejected and must be filed again.
Before Indigenous colonization occurred in Canada, Two-Spirit people were highly revered in Indigenous communities. [38] Two-Spirit people had very distinct and important roles, as well as traditions, ceremonial roles, and stories. [38] Once settlers arrived in Canada, they brought ideas about heteronormativity and traditional gender roles. [38]