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  2. Data corruption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_corruption

    The adjacent image is a corrupted image file in which most of the information has been lost. Some types of malware may intentionally corrupt files as part of their payloads , usually by overwriting them with inoperative or garbage code, while a non-malicious virus may also unintentionally corrupt files when it accesses them.

  3. Cyclic redundancy check - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_redundancy_check

    In this analysis, the digits of the bit strings are taken as the coefficients of a polynomial in some variable x—coefficients that are elements of the finite field GF(2) (the integers modulo 2, i.e. either a zero or a one), instead of more familiar numbers.

  4. Video game modding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_modding

    For example, Battlefield 1942, ported by Aspyr for Mac OS X, had file access issues specific to mods until the 1.61D patch. Unreal Tournament 2004 does not have a working community mods menu for the Mac OS X version and, until the 3369 patch, had graphics incompatibilities with several mods such as Red Orchestra and Metaball .

  5. DayZ (mod) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DayZ_(mod)

    DayZ attempts to portray a realistic scenario within the gameplay, with the environment having different effects on the player. A character may receive bone fractures from damage to their legs, go into shock from bullet wounds or zombie bites, receive infections from zombies or diseased players, or faint due to low blood pressure .

  6. Directory traversal attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directory_traversal_attack

    Assume that no files outside this directory can be served. Ensure that the first N characters of the fully qualified path to the requested file is exactly the same as the 'Document Root'. If so, allow the file to be returned. If not, return an error, since the request is clearly out of bounds from what the web-server should be allowed to serve.

  7. Stack buffer overflow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stack_buffer_overflow

    If the stack buffer is filled with data supplied from an untrusted user then that user can corrupt the stack in such a way as to inject executable code into the running program and take control of the process. This is one of the oldest and more reliable methods for attackers to gain unauthorized access to a computer. [3] [4] [5]

  8. Environment variable - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environment_variable

    Similarly, changing or removing a variable's value inside a DOS or Windows batch file will change the variable for the duration of COMMAND.COMor CMD.EXE's existence, respectively. In Unix, the environment variables are normally initialized during system startup by the system init startup scripts , and hence inherited by all other processes in ...

  9. Shellshock (software bug) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellshock_(software_bug)

    When a web server uses the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) to handle a document request, it copies certain information from the request into the environment variable list and then delegates the request to a handler program. If the handler is a Bash script, or if it executes Bash, then Bash will receive the environment variables passed by the ...