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Frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) is a channel access method used in some multiple-access protocols. FDMA allows multiple users to send data through a single communication channel, such as a coaxial cable or microwave beam, by dividing the bandwidth of the channel into separate non-overlapping frequency sub-channels and allocating each sub-channel to a separate user.
SNA—Systems Network Architecture; SNMP—Simple Network Management Protocol; SNTP—Simple Network Time Protocol; SOA—Service-Oriented Architecture; SOAP—Simple Object Access Protocol; SOAP—Symbolic Optimal Assembly Program; SOPA—Stop Online Piracy Act; SoC—System-on-a-Chip; SO-DIMM—Small Outline DIMM; SOE—Standard Operating ...
Single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) is a frequency-division multiple access scheme. Originally known as Carrier Interferometry , it is also called linearly precoded OFDMA ( LP-OFDMA ). Like other multiple access schemes (TDMA, FDMA, CDMA, OFDMA), it deals with the assignment of multiple users to a shared communication resource.
Where frequency-division multiplexing is used as to allow multiple users to share a physical communications channel, it is called frequency-division multiple access (FDMA). [ 1 ] FDMA is the traditional way of separating radio signals from different transmitters.
In the WDMA case, different network nodes in a bus or hub network get a different color. [7] An advanced form of FDMA is the orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) scheme, for example, used in 4G cellular communication systems. In OFDMA, each node may use several sub-carriers, making it possible to provide different quality of ...
Code-division multiple access (CDMA) is a channel access method used by various radio communication technologies. CDMA is an example of multiple access, where several transmitters can send information simultaneously over a single communication channel.
In 2002, NTT DoCoMo's FOMA 3G network was the first commercial UMTS network – using a pre-release specification, [39] it was initially incompatible with the UMTS standard at the radio level but used standard USIM cards, meaning USIM card based roaming was possible (transferring the USIM card into a UMTS or GSM phone when travelling). Both NTT ...
A remote collision, in CSMA/CD computer networks over half-duplex media (10BASE5 or 10BASE2), is a collision that occurs when a frame shorter than the minimum length is transmitted. This frame may cause a collision at the remote end which cannot be detected by the transmitter, so the frame is not resent on the physical layer.