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Zhao Tuo (Chinese: 趙佗; pinyin: Zhào Tuó; Wade–Giles: Chao 4 T‘o 2), rendered as Triệu Đà in Vietnamese, was a Qin dynasty Chinese general and first emperor of Nanyue. He participated in the conquest of the Baiyue peoples of Guangdong , Guangxi and Northern Vietnam .
In modern Vietnam, Zhao Tuo is best remembered as a character in the "Legend of the Magic Crossbow". According to this legend, Zhao Tuo's son Trong Thủy married Mỵ Châu, the daughter of King An Dương of Âu Lạc, and used her love to steal the secret of An Dương's magic crossbow. [22] Seal of Zhao Mo, second ruler of the Triệu dynasty.
Nanyue (Chinese: 南越 [1] or 南粵 [2]; pinyin: Nányuè; Jyutping: Naam4 Jyut6; lit. 'Southern Yue', Vietnamese: Nam Việt, Zhuang: Namz Yied), [3] was an ancient kingdom founded in 204 BC by the Chinese general Zhao Tuo, whose family (known in Vietnamese as the Triệu dynasty) continued to rule until 111 BC.
[1] [2] Zhao was originally a Qin military officer from Zhending in northern China. [2] The Han frontier in the south was not threatened and there was no indication that Zhao Tuo would encroach on Han territory. [1] In 196 BC, the Emperor Gaozu sent Lu Jia on a diplomatic mission to Nanyue to officially recognize Zhao Tuo as a local ruler. [1]
According to the Đại Việt sử ký, Zhao Tuo established the foundation of Đại Việt. However, later historians in the 18th century started questioning this view. Ngô Thì Sĩ argued that Zhao Tuo was a foreign invader and Nanyue a foreign
Year Date Event 257 BC: Thục Phán of the Âu Việt invades Văn Lang and creates Âu Lạc [1]: 207 BC: Qin general Zhao Tuo captures the Cổ Loa Citadel and defeats Âu Lạc, creating the two administrative regions of Jiaozhi (Giao Chỉ) and Jiuzhen (Cửu Chân) [1]
Zhao Mo (Chinese: 趙眜; pinyin: Zhào Mò; Vietnamese: Triệu Mạt) was the second ruler of Nanyue. He succeeded his grandfather Zhao Tuo (Emperor Wu) in 137 BC and reigned until his death in 124 BC.
Nanyue (211 BC - 111 BC) – A kingdom situated today's northern Vietnam, and the provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi founded by a former Chinese general, Zhao Tuo. Under Zhao Tuo it paid nominal tribute to Han but his successors lost more and more power.