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Universal basic income (UBI) [note 1] is a social welfare proposal in which all citizens of a given population regularly receive a minimum income in the form of an unconditional transfer payment, i.e., without a means test or need to perform work.
Universal basic income and negative income tax, which is a related system, has been debated in the United States since the 1960s, and to a smaller extent also before that. . During the 1960s and 1970s a number of experiments with negative income tax were conducted in United States and Cana
Universal basic income (UBI) is discussed in many countries. This article summarizes the national and regional debates, where it takes place, and is a complement to the main article on the subject: universal basic income .
It advocated replacing a swathe of UK means-tested benefits with a single universal payment as a response to the changing landscape of work and an ageing population. In March 2019, the New Economics Foundation (NEF) produced the report Nothing Personal: Replacing the personal tax allowance with a Weekly National Allowance.
Universal basic income pilots are smaller-scale preliminary experiments which are carried out on selected members of the relevant population to assess the feasibility, costs and effects of the full-scale implementation of universal basic income (UBI), or the related concept of negative income tax (NIT), including partial universal basic income and similar programs.
A very common concern regarding the UBI is whether or not it should be distributed to rich as well to the poor. Most advocates argue that it should be a universal and basic right for every citizen. [16] Its function as a payment to everyone, rich and poor, is the very premise of its universality as opposed to just a basic income.
Employees may still receive a pay slip to detail the calculations of the final payment amount. A salary statement , commonly called a payslip , pay stub , paystub , pay advice , or sometimes paycheck stub or wage slip , is a document received by an employee that either includes a notice that the direct deposit transaction has gone through or ...
Presently, there is a two-tier unemployment compensation system in Germany, which consists of a form of UBI and basic income ALG II with strict behavioral requirements for the unemployed. [9] For instance, active cooperation is a major condition for access.