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  2. Gravitational constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_constant

    The constant of proportionality, G, in this non-relativistic formulation is the gravitational constant. Colloquially, the gravitational constant is also called "Big G", distinct from "small g" (g), which is the local gravitational field of Earth (also referred to as free-fall acceleration).

  3. Mathematics of general relativity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics_of_general...

    Most modern approaches to mathematical general relativity begin with the concept of a manifold.More precisely, the basic physical construct representing gravitation — a curved spacetime — is modelled by a four-dimensional, smooth, connected, Lorentzian manifold.

  4. Two-body problem in general relativity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-body_problem_in...

    In the spherical-coordinates example above, there are no cross-terms; the only nonzero metric tensor components are g rr = 1, g θθ = r 2 and g φφ = r 2 sin 2 θ. In his special theory of relativity, Albert Einstein showed that the distance ds between two spatial points is not constant, but depends on the motion of the observer.

  5. Discrete series representation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete_series_representation

    Two pairs (v,C) give the same limit of discrete series representation if and only if they are conjugate under the Weyl group of K. Just as for discrete series representations v gives the infinitesimal character. There are at most |W G |/|W K | limit of discrete series representations with any given infinitesimal character.

  6. General relativity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_relativity

    The expansion involves a series of terms; the first terms represent Newtonian gravity, whereas the later terms represent ever smaller corrections to Newton's theory due to general relativity. [61] An extension of this expansion is the parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism, which allows quantitative comparisons between the predictions of ...

  7. Superstring theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superstring_theory

    Some physicists (e.g., John Baez et al.) have speculated that the exceptional Lie groups E 6, E 7 and E 8 having maximum orthogonal subgroups SO(10), SO(12) and SO(16) may be related to theories in 10, 12 and 16 dimensions; 10 dimensions corresponding to string theory and the 12 and 16 dimensional theories being yet undiscovered but would be ...

  8. Principal series representation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_series...

    In mathematics, the principal series representations of certain kinds of topological group G occur in the case where G is not a compact group.There, by analogy with spectral theory, one expects that the regular representation of G will decompose according to some kind of continuous spectrum, of representations involving a continuous parameter, as well as a discrete spectrum.

  9. Specific weight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_weight

    The specific weight, also known as the unit weight (symbol γ, the Greek letter gamma), is a volume-specific quantity defined as the weight W divided by the volume V of a material: = / Equivalently, it may also be formulated as the product of density, ρ, and gravity acceleration, g: = Its unit of measurement in the International System of Units (SI) is newton per cubic metre (N/m 3), with ...