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The Japanese raccoon dog (Nyctereutes viverrinus), [1] also known by its Japanese name tanuki (Japanese: 狸, タヌキ), [2] is a species of canid endemic to Japan. It is one of two species in the genus Nyctereutes, alongside the common raccoon dog (N. procyonoides), [3] of which it was traditionally thought to be a subspecies (Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus).
Taxidermy of a Japanese raccoon dog, wearing waraji on its feet: This tanuki is displayed in a Buddhist temple in Japan, in the area of the folktale "Bunbuku Chagama".. The earliest appearance of the bake-danuki in literature, in the chapter about Empress Suiko in the Nihon Shoki, written during the Nara period, is the passages "in two months of spring, there are tanuki in the country of Mutsu ...
The kitsune exhibit the ability of bakeru or transforming its shape and appearance, and bakasu, capable of trickery or bewitching; these terms are related to the generic term bakemono meaning "spectre" or "goblin", [5] and such capabilities were also ascribed to badgers [6] (actually tanuki or raccoon dog) and occasionally to cats (cf. bakeneko).
The kanji used to write the word is an ateji, although its characters reflect the popular belief that the movement of the mechanism is caused by supernatural agents (ko 狐, kitsune; ku 狗, dog/tengu; ri 狸, tanuki). The modern version is similar to a Ouija board.
In Meireki 3 (AD 1657), tanuki were farmed and their skins were used in the crafting of bellows. Danzaburou was the name of a human merchant in Echigo, who purportedly began caring for and trying to conserve the tanuki in Sado, and became widely respected on the island. Theory states that the tanuki itself was later worshiped as an ujigami. [13]
kitsune (狐, きつね, IPA: [kʲi̥t͡sɨne̞] ⓘ) are foxes that possess paranormal abilities that increase as they get older and wiser. According to folklore, the kitsune-foxes (or perhaps the "fox spirits") can bewitch people, just like the tanuki. They have the ability to shapeshift into human or other forms, and to trick or fool human ...
After the meal, the tanuki reverted to its original appearance and revealed its treachery before running off and leaving the poor man in shock and grief. Before the tanuki left, he laughed the man to scorn and said, “You wife-eating old man you! Did not you see the bones under the floor?”. Though the man chased after the tanuki, the tanuki ...
At times, the mujina will also create a "ghost-fire", also called tanuki-bi (狸火), which resembles will-o'-the-wisps. [6] According to the beliefs of the Osaka-Kishû district, these fire-emitting badgers are normally found on rainy nights. In transformation, it is said that the possibilities of what the mujina could turn into were endless ...