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The complete Romanization of Portugal, intensified during the rule of Augustus, took three centuries and was stronger in Southern Portugal, most of which were administrative dependencies of the Roman city of Pax Julia, currently known as Beja. The city was named Pax Julia in honour of Julius Caesar and to celebrate peace in Lusitania. Augustus ...
Portus Cale, old Roman name of an ancient town and port in current day Portugal, in the area of today's Grande Porto (north of the country) Portucale, the name by which, at the time of the Suebi and Visigoths, the area of today's Grande Porto was known; County of Portugal, the predecessor of the kingdom of Portugal; Portugal, the European ...
The name of Portugal (Portvgalliæ) itself is partly of Celtic origin (see: Name of Portugal and Portus Cale). Ancient (bracketed) and modern places in the Iberian Peninsula which have names containing the Celtic elements -brigā or -bris < -brixs 'hill, hillfort'. Celtic toponymy of Portugal (Western side of Iberia) is shown light-blue and ...
After the fall of the West Roman Empire, the name Lusitania continued to be used for administrative purposes but in the 9th century CE the name Portugal (a place name that started to be used in the territories north of the Douro river in south Gallaecia) started to be applied to the name of a county, the County of Portucale, and then, after ...
Writers in the Middle Ages such as theologian Isidore of Seville, and historian Lucas de Tuy, Bishop of Tuy, refer to ancient popular legends that the city of Lisbon was founded by the mythical hero Odysseus. [8] [9] The Estrímnios (in Portuguese) are given by some historians as the first known native people of Portugal. [10]
Portugal was officially an autonomous state, but in actuality, the country was in a personal union with the Spanish crown from 1580 to 1640. [110] The Council of Portugal remained independent inasmuch as it was one of the key administrative units of the Castilian monarchy, legally on equal terms with the Council of the Indies. [111]
Generally, cities with names ending in -briga are believed to have predated the Romanization of the territory, although there are exceptions. For instance, Augustobriga , near Cáceres, Spain , is named after Augustus , suggesting that some -briga names might have been given to cities during Roman rule.
Tomar (Portuguese pronunciation: ⓘ), also known in English as Thomar (the ancient name of Tomar), [1] is a city and a municipality in the Santarém district of Portugal. The town proper has a population of about 20,000. The municipality population in 2011 was 40,677, [2] in an area of 351.20 km 2 (135.60 sq mi). [3]