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It is a defined, selective and differential medium that tests for an organism's ability to use citrate as a sole carbon source and ammonium ions as the sole nitrogen source. After citrate enters a cell through citrate permeases, citrate lyase cleaves it into acetate and oxaloacetate, which is further broken down into carbon dioxide and pyruvate ...
The IMViC tests are a group of individual tests used in microbiology lab testing to identify an organism in the coliform group.A coliform is a gram negative, aerobic, or facultative anaerobic rod, which produces gas from lactose within 48 hours.
Klebsiella aerogenes, [2] previously known as Enterobacter aerogenes, is a Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, citrate-positive, indole-negative, rod-shaped bacterium. [3] Capable of motility via peritrichous flagella, [4] it is approximately one to three microns in length.
Inoculating from a broth culture is not recommended because the inoculum would be too heavy. If the organism has the ability to use citrate, the medium usually changes its color from green to blue, though growth on the medium even without colour change is considered a positive result. [1] An observation of no growth is a negative result.
DCA agar (deoxycholate citrate agar) is a solid bacteriological growth medium used for isolation of enteric pathogens. [1] Uses
Enterococcus colonies (black) growing on BEA. Bile salts are the selective ingredient, while esculin is the differential component. Enterococcus hydrolyze esculin to products that react with ferric citrate in the medium to produce insoluble iron salts, resulting in the blackening of the medium.
The species C. amalonaticus, C. koseri, and C. freundii can use citrate as a sole carbon source. Citrobacter species are differentiated by their ability to convert tryptophan to indole (C. koseri is the only citrobacter to be commonly indole-positive), ferment lactose (C. koseri is a lactose fermentor), and use malonate.
Hektoen enteric agar (HEK, HE or HEA) is a selective and differential agar [1] primarily used to recover Salmonella and Shigella from patient specimens. HEA contains indicators of lactose fermentation and hydrogen sulfide production; as well as inhibitors to prevent the growth of Gram-positive bacteria.