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The ERN is a sharp negative going signal which begins about the same time an incorrect motor response begins, (response locked event-related potential), and typically peaks from 80 to 150 milliseconds (ms) after the erroneous response begins (or 40–80 ms after the onset of electromyographic activity).
The neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) are the minimal set of neuronal events and mechanisms sufficient for the occurrence of the mental states to which they are related. [2] Neuroscientists use empirical approaches to discover neural correlates of subjective phenomena; that is, neural changes which necessarily and regularly correlate ...
For instance, when a somatic marker associated with a positive outcome is perceived, the person may feel happy and thereby motivated to pursue that behavior. When a somatic marker associated with the negative outcome is perceived, the person may feel sad, which acts as an internal alarm to warn the individual to avoid that course of action.
Thus, findings that participants' memory for negative non-arousing words suffers with divided attention, [39] and that the memory advantage for negative, non-arousing words can be eliminated when participants encode items while simultaneously performing a secondary task, [40] has supported the elaborative processing hypothesis as the mechanism ...
The specific regions that show the most robust correlation between volume and intelligence are the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes of the brain. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] [ 12 ] A large number of studies have been conducted with uniformly positive correlations, leading to the generally safe conclusion that larger brains predict greater intelligence.
One study found that neural efficiency was influenced by sex and task content. The study tried to examine possible sex differences in human brain functioning. It aimed at investigating the relationship between intelligence and cortical activation during the cognitive performance in various versions of a task, using brain imaging techniques.
The negativity bias, [1] also known as the negativity effect, is a cognitive bias that, even when positive or neutral things of equal intensity occur, things of a more negative nature (e.g. unpleasant thoughts, emotions, or social interactions; harmful/traumatic events) have a greater effect on one's psychological state and processes than neutral or positive things.
Affective neuroscience is the study of how the brain processes emotions.This field combines neuroscience with the psychological study of personality, emotion, and mood. [1] The basis of emotions and what emotions are remains an issue of debate within the field of affective neuroscience.