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The persistent (or stored) XSS vulnerability is a more devastating variant of a cross-site scripting flaw: it occurs when the data provided by the attacker is saved by the server, and then permanently displayed on "normal" pages returned to other users in the course of regular browsing, without proper HTML escaping. A classic example of this is ...
Graph showing the progress of the XSS worm that impacted 2525 users on Justin.tv. Justin.tv was a video casting website with an active user base of approximately 20 thousand users. The cross-site scripting vulnerability that was exploited was that the "Location" profile field was not properly sanitized before its inclusion in a profile page.
HTTP header injection is a general class of web application security vulnerability which occurs when Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) headers are dynamically generated based on user input.
A URL can be crafted, for example, by linking to content that is only accessible to the user if they are logged into the target website. Including this state-dependent URL in the malicious application will initiate a cross-origin request to the target app. [ 15 ] Because the request is a cross-origin request, the same-origin policy prevents the ...
Additionally, while typically described as a static type of attack, CSRF can also be dynamically constructed as part of a payload for a cross-site scripting attack, as demonstrated by the Samy worm, or constructed on the fly from session information leaked via offsite content and sent to a target as a malicious URL.
Double URI-encoding, also referred to as double percent-encoding, is a special type of double encoding in which data is URI-encoded twice in a row. [6] In other words, double-URI-encoded form of data X is URI-encode(URI-encode(X)). [7]
While this vulnerability is similar to cross-site scripting, template injection can be leveraged to execute code on the web server rather than in a visitor's browser. It abuses a common workflow of web applications, which often use user inputs and templates to render a web page. The example below shows the concept.
In data sanitization, HTML sanitization is the process of examining an HTML document and producing a new HTML document that preserves only whatever tags and attributes are designated "safe" and desired. HTML sanitization can be used to protect against attacks such as cross-site scripting (XSS) by sanitizing any HTML code submitted by a user.