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The process of spermatogenesis.1. Primary spermatocyte 2. Secondary spermatocytes 3. Spermatids 4. Sperm . Spermiogenesis is the final stage of spermatogenesis, during which the spermatids develop into mature spermatozoa.
Primary cilia are common organelles found in eukaryotic cells; they play an important role in development of animals. Drosophila have unique properties in their spermatocyte primary cilia—they are assembled by four centrioles independently in the G2 phase and are sensitive to microtubule-targeting drugs. Normally, primary cilia will develop ...
These develop into mature spermatozoa, also known as sperm cells. [2] Thus, the primary spermatocyte gives rise to two cells, the secondary spermatocytes, and the two secondary spermatocytes by their subdivision produce four spermatozoa and four haploid cells. [3] Spermatozoa are the mature male gametes in many sexually reproducing organisms.
Schematic diagram of Spermatocytogenesis. Spermatocytogenesis is the male form of gametocytogenesis and involves stem cells dividing to replace themselves and to produce a population of cells destined to become mature sperm.
As a result of meiosis, each spermatid contains only half of the genetic material present in the original primary spermatocyte. Spermatids are connected by cytoplasmic material and have superfluous cytoplasmic material around their nuclei.
Animals produce motile sperm with a tail known as a flagellum, which are known as spermatozoa, while some red algae and fungi produce non-motile sperm cells, known as spermatia. [1] Flowering plants contain non-motile sperm inside pollen, while some more basal plants like ferns and some gymnosperms have motile sperm. [2]
The development of gametogonia to primary gametocytes is called gametocytogenesis. The further development of primary gametocytes to secondary gametocytes is a part of gametidogenesis. Gametogenesis is the formation or production of gametes (taking place during meiosis). The development and maturation of sex cells also takes place during meiosis.
The spermatogonia duplicate their DNA to obtain 46 chromosomes in preparation for the primary division. At this stage, the germ cells are now referred to as primary spermatocytes. [3] The primary spermatocytes undergo a primary division, yielding two secondary spermatocytes each with 23 chromatids.