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Polish–Lithuanian–Ruthenian Commonwealth as proposed by Treaty of Hadiach in 1658. The Treaty of Hadiach (Polish: ugoda hadziacka; Ukrainian: гадяцький договір) was a treaty signed on 16 September 1658 in Hadiach (Hadziacz, Hadiacz, Гадяч) between representatives of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (Stanisław Kazimierz Bieniewski [] representing Poland and ...
Kingdom of Prussia. Poland–Lithuania, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania[ b ] and also referred to as the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth[ c ] or the First Polish Republic, [ d ][ 9 ][ 10 ] was a federative real union [ 11 ] of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania between 1569 and 1795.
Bohdan Khmelnytsky declared himself the ruler of the Ruthenian state to the Polish representative Adam Kysil in February 1649. [32] [failed verification] The Grand Principality of Ruthenia was the project name of the Cossack Hetmanate integrated into the Polish–Lithuanian–Ruthenian Commonwealth. [citation needed]
The Polish–Lithuanian Union had become an influential player in Europe and a significant cultural entity. In the second half of the 16th and the first half of the 17th century, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was a huge state in central-eastern Europe, with an area approaching one million square kilometers.
The Ruthenian language (Ruthenian: рускаꙗ мова, рускїй ѧзыкъ) was an exonymic linguonym for a closely related group of East Slavic linguistic varieties, particularly those spoken from the 15th to 18th centuries in the East Slavic regions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
The Polish National Government of 1863–64 was an underground Polish supreme authority during the January Uprising, a large scale insurrection during the Russian partition of the former territories of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It had a collegial form, resided in Warsaw and was headed by Karol Majewski [pl].
The history of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764) covers a period in the history of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, from the time their joint state became the theater of wars and invasions fought on a great scale in the middle of the 17th century, to the time just before the election of Stanisław August Poniatowski, the last king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Self-identifications during the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth often made use of the Latin ' gens -natione' construct (familial or ethnic origin combined with a national identity). [ 7 ] The construct was used by the elite inhabitants of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, by the Ruthenian (Ukrainian and Belarusian) elites, and in ...