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  2. First Council of Nicaea - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea

    Valens could not resolve the outstanding ecclesiastical issues and unsuccessfully confronted St. Basil over the Nicene Creed. [73] Pagan powers within the empire sought to maintain and at times re-establish paganism into the seat of the emperor (see Arbogast and Julian the Apostate). Arians and Meletians soon regained nearly all of the rights ...

  3. Voltaire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltaire

    Because of his well-known criticism of the Church, which he had refused to retract before his death, Voltaire was denied a Christian burial in Paris, [110] but friends and relations managed to bury his body secretly at the Abbey of Scellières in Champagne, where Marie Louise's brother was abbé. [111]

  4. Incident at Antioch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incident_at_Antioch

    The incident at Antioch was an Apostolic Age dispute between the apostles Paul and Peter which occurred in the city of Antioch around the middle of the first century. [1] The primary source for the incident is Paul's Epistle to the Galatians 2:11–14. [1]

  5. East–West Schism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East–West_Schism

    The essence of the disagreement is that in the East a person cannot be a true theologian or teach the knowledge of God without having experienced God, as defined as the vision of God (theoria). At the heart of the issue was the teaching of the Essence-Energies distinctions (which states that while creation can never know God's uncreated essence ...

  6. Persecution of Christians in the New Testament - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persecution_of_Christians...

    The persecution of Christians in the New Testament is an important part of the Early Christian narrative which depicts the early church as being persecuted for their heterodox beliefs by a Jewish establishment in the Roman province of Judea. The New Testament, especially the Gospel of John, has traditionally been interpreted as relating ...

  7. Constantine the Great and Christianity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_the_Great_and...

    The emperor ensured that God was properly worshiped in his empire; what proper worship (orthodoxy) and doctrines and dogma consisted of was for the Church to determine. [42] Constantine had become a worshiper of the Christian God, but he found that there were many opinions on that worship and indeed on who and what that God was.

  8. Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persecution_of_Christians...

    A. N. Sherwin-White records that serious discussion of the reasons for Roman persecution of Christians began in 1890 when it produced "20 years of controversy" and three main opinions: first, there was the theory held by most French and Belgian scholars that "there was a general enactment, precisely formulated and valid for the whole empire, which forbade the practice of the Christian religion.

  9. The clash between the Church and the Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_clash_between_the...

    From the time of Constantine I's conversion to Christianity in the 4th century, the question of the relationship between temporal and spiritual power was constant, causing a clash between the Church and the Empire. The disappearance of imperial power initially enabled the pope to assert his independence. However, from 962 onwards, the Holy ...