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Diabetes. Diabetes mellitus, often known simply as diabetes, is a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by sustained high blood sugar levels. [10][11] Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin, or the cells of the body becoming unresponsive to the hormone's effects. [12]
Type 2 diabetes (T2D), formerly known as adult-onset diabetes, is a form of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. [6] Common symptoms include increased thirst , frequent urination , fatigue and unexplained weight loss . [ 3 ]
The treatment goals are related to effective control of blood glucose, blood pressure and lipids, to minimize the risk of long-term consequences associated with diabetes.. They are suggested in clinical practice guidelines released by various national and international diabetes agenci
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetes. Treatments include agents that (1) increase the amount of insulin secreted by the pancreas, (2) increase the sensitivity of target organs to insulin, (3) decrease the rate at which glucose is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and (4) increase the loss of glucose through ...
It was the first oral treatment, in combination with insulin, to treat type 1 diabetes in the UK and EU. Empagliflozin, approved in the United States in August 2014, under the brand name Jardiance by Boehringer Ingelheim. [30] Of the gliflozins, empagliflozin and tofogliflozin have the highest specificity for SGLT2 inhibition. [1]
Insulin was first used as a medication in Canada by Charles Best and Frederick Banting in 1922. [13][14] This is a chronology of key milestones in the history of the medical use of insulin. For more details on the discovery, extraction, purification, clinical use, and synthesis of insulin, see Insulin. 1921 Research on the role of pancreas in ...
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