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About 5,000 fossil genera. Brachiopods (/ ˈbrækioʊˌpɒd /), phylum Brachiopoda, are a phylum of trochozoan animals that have hard "valves" (shells) on the upper and lower surfaces, unlike the left and right arrangement in bivalve molluscs. Brachiopod valves are hinged at the rear end, while the front can be opened for feeding or closed for ...
Evolution of brachiopods. The origin of the brachiopods is uncertain; they either arose from reduction of a multi-plated tubular organism, or from the folding of a slug-like organism with a protective shell on either end. Since their Cambrian origin, the phylum rose to a Palaeozoic dominance, but dwindled during the Mesozoic.
Composita is an extinct brachiopod genus that lived from the Late Devonian to the Late Permian. [1] Composita had a cosmopolitan global distribution, having lived on every continent except Antarctica. [1][2] Composita had a smooth shell with a more or less distinct fold and sulcus and a round opening for the pedicle on the pedicle valve.
Spiriferida is an order of extinct articulate brachiopod fossils which are known for their long hinge-line, which is often the widest part of the shell. In some genera (e.g. Mucrospirifer ) it is greatly elongated, giving them a wing-like appearance.
List of brachiopod genera. This is a list of brachiopod genera which includes both extinct (fossil) forms [1] and extant (living) genera (bolded). [2] Names are according to the conventions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
Atrypa is a genus of brachiopod with round to short egg-shaped shells covered with many fine radial ridges (or costae). Growth lines form perpendicular to the costae and are spaced approximately 2 to 3 times further apart than the costae.. The pedunculate valve is slightly convex, but oftentimes levels out or becomes slightly concave toward the ...
Strophomenida. An Ordovician strophomenid with encrusting inarticulate brachiopods (the craniid Philhedra) and a bryozoan. Strophomenida is an extinct order of articulate brachiopods which lived from the lower Ordovician period to the mid Carboniferous period. [2] Strophomenida is part of the extinct class Strophomenata, and was the largest ...
Stringocephalus. Stringocephalus is an extinct genus of large brachiopods; between 388.1 to 376.1 million years old [1] they are usually found as fossils in Devonian marine rocks. Several forms of the genus are known; they may be found in western North America, northern Europe (especially Poland), Asia and the Canning Basin of Western Australia.