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Titin is the third most abundant protein in muscle (after myosin and actin), and an adult human contains approximately 0.5 kg of titin. [13] With its length of ~27,000 to ~35,000 amino acids (depending on the splice isoform ), titin is the largest known protein . [ 14 ]
The first muscle protein discovered was myosin by a German scientist Willy Kühne, who extracted and named it in 1864. [7] In 1939 a Russian husband and wife team Vladimir Alexandrovich Engelhardt and Militsa Nikolaevna Lyubimova discovered that myosin had an enzymatic (called ATPase) property that can break down ATP to release energy. [8]
The protein complex composed of actin and myosin, contractile proteins, is sometimes referred to as actomyosin.In striated skeletal and cardiac muscle, the actin and myosin filaments each have a specific and constant length in the order of a few micrometers, far less than the length of the elongated muscle cell (up to several centimeters in some skeletal muscle cells). [5]
Myotilin is a structural protein that, along with titin and alpha-actinin give structural integrity to sarcomeres at Z-discs in striated muscle. Myotilin induces the formation of actin bundles in vitro and in non-muscle cells.
A myofibril (also known as a muscle fibril or sarcostyle) [1] is a basic rod-like organelle of a muscle cell. [2] Skeletal muscles are composed of long, tubular cells known as muscle fibers , and these cells contain many chains of myofibrils. [ 3 ]
A muscle cell, also known as a myocyte, ... The third type of myofilament is an elastic filament composed of titin, a very large protein.
Physiological differences in muscle fiber distribution—fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscle fibers, to be exact—play a role in exercise performance, and may make one person more inclined to ...
Alpha-actinin-2 is a 103.8 kDa protein composed of 894 amino acids. [6] [7] Each molecule is rod-shaped (35 nm in length) and it homodimerizes in an anti-parallel fashion.. Each monomer has an N-terminal actin-binding region composed of two calponin homology domains, two C-terminal EF hand domains, and four tandem spectrin-like repeats form the rod domain in the central region of the molecule.