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LPR may play a role in other diseases, such as sinusitis, otitis media, and rhinitis, [7] and can be a comorbidity of asthma. [6] While LPR is commonly used interchangeably with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), it presents with a different pathophysiology. [8] LPR reportedly affects approximately 10% of the U.S. population.
Another kind of acid reflux, which causes respiratory and laryngeal signs and symptoms, is called laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) or extraesophageal reflux disease (EERD). Unlike GERD, LPR rarely produces heartburn, and is sometimes called silent reflux. [48]
In gastroenterology, esophageal pH monitoring is the current gold standard for diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It provides direct physiologic measurement of acid in the esophagus and is the most objective method to document reflux disease, assess the severity of the disease and monitor the response of the disease to medical or surgical treatment.
“Acid reflux occurs when the pressure below the chest in the stomach is higher than the pressure of the valve between the stomach and the food pipe (esophagus),” says Dr. Mark Pimentel, MD, an ...
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Acid peptic diseases, such as peptic ulcers, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and gastroesophageal reflux disease, are caused by distinct but overlapping pathogenic mechanisms involving acid effects on mucosal defense. Acid reflux damages the esophageal mucosa and may also cause laryngeal tissue injury, leading to the development of pulmonary ...
There are several classes of drugs for acid-related disorders, such as dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD/GERD), or laryngopharyngeal reflux. The World Health Organization gives drugs in these classes the categorization code ATC code A02.
The "Background" section is currently introduced with a discussion of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Preceding sections do not explicate the relationship between LPR and GERD and I believe the abrupt switch to discussing GERD in the first sentence of the "Background" section could introduce confusion.--