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2. Rapid urease test - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_urease_test

   Excessive salivation and alkaline bile reflux into the stomach can shift the pH value of the biopsy of the stomach towards alkaline. Drugs that reduce the acidity of the stomach, also contribute to false positive results resulting from the alkalization. In each of these cases, the pH of the biopsy will be shifted to the alkaline side.

3. Upper gastrointestinal series - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_gastrointestinal_series

   Barium X-ray examinations are useful tools for the study of appearance and function of the parts of the gastrointestinal tract. They are used to diagnose and monitor esophageal reflux, dysphagia, hiatus hernia, strictures, diverticula, pyloric stenosis, gastritis, enteritis, volvulus, varices, ulcers, tumors, and gastrointestinal dysmotility, as well as to detect foreign bodies.

4. Portal hypertensive gastropathy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal_hypertensive_gastro...

   Patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy may experience bleeding from the stomach, which may uncommonly manifest itself in vomiting blood or melena; however, portal hypertension may cause several other more common sources of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, such as esophageal varices and gastric varices. On endoscopic evaluation of the ...

5. Reactive gastropathy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactive_gastropathy

   - Foveolar hyperplasia (black arrow), as a tortuosity in the "neck" region of the gastric glands. - Scant or minimal inflammatory cells (white arrow), i.e. lack of large numbers of neutrophils and plasma cells.. - Smooth muscle hyperplasia in the lamina propria (in black oval). The diagnosis is by examination of tissue, e.g. a stomach biopsy.

6. Timeline of peptic ulcer disease and Helicobacter pylori

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_peptic_ulcer...

   J. Robin Warren first observes H. pylori in a gastric biopsy. [36] Fung, Papadimitriou, and Matz observe H. pylori. [37] 1981 Yao Shi observes bacteria in the stomach, but he believes they are passing through the stomach and not colonizing it. [31] July: Barry Marshall joins gastroenterology division of Royal Perth Hospital and meets Robin ...

7. Laboratory specimen - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_specimen

   Variety of microbiological samples. A laboratory specimen is sometimes a biological specimen of a medical patient's tissue, fluids, or other samples used for laboratory analysis to assist in differential diagnosis or staging of a disease process.