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Common developmental patterns seen during tropical cyclone development, and their Dvorak-assigned intensities. The Dvorak technique (developed between 1969 and 1984 by Vernon Dvorak) is a widely used system to estimate tropical cyclone intensity (which includes tropical depression, tropical storm, and hurricane/typhoon/intense tropical cyclone intensities) based solely on visible and infrared ...
It comprises a spectral atmospheric model with a terrain-following vertical coordinate system coupled to a 4D-Var data assimilation system.In 1997 the IFS became the first operational forecasting system to use 4D-Var. [2] Both ECMWF and Météo-France use the IFS to make operational weather forecasts, but using a different configuration and resolution (the Météo-France configuration is ...
The first dynamical hurricane track forecast model, the Sanders Barotropic Tropical Cyclone Track Prediction Model (SANBAR), [9] was introduced in 1970 and was used by the National Hurricane Center as part of its operational track guidance through 1989. It was based on a simplified set of atmospheric dynamical equations (the equivalent ...
Also actiniform. Describing a collection of low-lying, radially structured clouds with distinct shapes (resembling leaves or wheels in satellite imagery), and typically organized in extensive mesoscale fields over marine environments. They are closely related to and sometimes considered a variant of stratocumulus clouds. actinometer A scientific instrument used to measure the heating power of ...
An example of a forecast product from the GFS, in this case a 96-hour forecast of 850 mb geopotential height and temperature. The Global Forecast System (GFS) is a global numerical weather prediction system containing a global computer model and variational analysis run by the United States' National Weather Service (NWS).
Hurricane Helene strengthened into an "extremely dangerous Category 4 hurricane" before making landfall along Florida's Gulf Coast late Thursday night, according to the National Hurricane Center ...
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Abbreviation Term Notes M medium Wake turbulence category: MAC mean aerodynamic chord: MAC mid-air collision: MAHF Missed Approach Holding Fix Used in RNAV MANAB Manual of Word Abbreviations [15] Used in Canada MAP manifold absolute pressure: MAP missed approach point Or: MAPt. Instrument approach. MAPS Minimum Aviation Performance Standards MATS