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Board shear. Used extensively in bookbinding, a board shear is a large, hand-operated machine for cutting board or paper. Like scissors, a board shear uses two blades to apply shear stress exceeding the paper's shear strength in order to cut. The stationary blade forms the edge of the cutting table, with the moving blade mounted on a cutting arm.
Material is placed on the table, and a coversheet of plastic or paper is overlaid onto the material to be cut. A vacuum pump is turned on, and air pressure pushes down on the coversheet to hold the material in place. The table then operates like a normal vector plotter, using various cutting tools to cut holes or slits into the fabric. The ...
Paper cutters were developed and patented in 1844 by French inventor Guillaume Massiquot. Later, Milton Bradley patented his own version of the paper cutter in 1879. [1] Since the middle of the 19th century, considerable improvements to the paper cutter have been made by Fomm and Krause of Germany, Furnival in England, and Oswego and Seybold in the United States.
Rotary die cutting is die cutting using a cylindrical die on a rotary press and may be known as a rotary die cutter or RDC. A long sheet or web of material will be fed through the press into an area known as a "station" which holds a rotary tool that will cut out shapes, make perforations or creases, or even cut the sheet or web into smaller parts.
In manufacturing industry, nesting refers to the process of laying out cutting patterns to minimize the raw material waste. [1] Examples include manufacturing parts from flat raw material such as sheet metal, glass sheets, cloth rolls, cutting parts from steel bars, etc. Such process can also be applied to additive manufacturing, such as 3D ...
It is also useful for cutting steel plates, cutting of wood sheets to make furniture, and cutting of cardboard into boxes. [ 2 ] There are various optimization problems related to guillotine cutting, such as: maximize the total area of the produced pieces, or their total value; minimize the amount of waste (unused parts) of the large sheet, or ...
Cutting-stock problems can be classified in several ways. [1] One way is the dimensionality of the cutting: the above example illustrates a one-dimensional (1D) problem; other industrial applications of 1D occur when cutting pipes, cables, and steel bars. Two-dimensional (2D) problems are encountered in furniture, clothing and glass production.
Some blades cut through the material while others crush the material against a hard roll. Those are similar to knives. The cutting blades can be set to a desired width. Some machines have many blades and can produce a number of output rolls at once. The slit material is rewound on paper, plastic or metal cores on the exit side of the machine.