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  2. Section (United States land surveying) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Section_(United_States...

    One of the reasons for creating sections of 640 acres (260 ha) was the ease of dividing into halves and quarters while still maintaining a whole number of acres. A section can be halved seven times in this way, down to a 5-acre (2 ha) parcel, or half of a quarter-quarter-quarter section—an easily surveyed 50-square-chain (2 ha) area. This ...

  3. Public Land Survey System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Land_Survey_System

    The "lower 40" in a quarter-section is the one at lowest elevation, i.e. in the direction that water drains. The "lower 40" is frequently the location of or the direction of a stream or a pond. The phrase "40 acres and a mule" was the compensation apocryphally promised by the Freedmen's Bureau following the American Civil War .

  4. Dominion Land Survey - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominion_Land_Survey

    LSDs can be "quarter-quarter sections" (square land parcels roughly 1 ⁄ 4 mi [400 m] on a side, comprising roughly 40 acres [160,000 m 2] in area)—but this is not necessary. Many are other fractions of a section (a half-quarter section—roughly 80 acres [320,000 m 2] in area is common). LSDs may be square, rectangular, and occasionally ...

  5. Survey township - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survey_township

    In the Homestead Act of 1862, one quarter-section of land was the amount allocated to each settler. Stemming from that are the idiomatic expressions , "the lower 40", the 40 acres on a settler's land that is lowest in elevation, in the direction towards which water drains toward a stream, and the " back forty ", the portion farthest from the ...

  6. Tract index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tract_index

    Example of a section index page. The information is organized by section, with a section relating to one square mile. Each section is presented in a two-page representation, usually by presenting the northwest quarter-section as the top half of the left page. The other quarter-sections are placed in map relationship to the northwest. [1]

  7. Texas land survey system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_land_survey_system

    Texas, along with the original thirteen states and several others in the Southwest which were originally deeded with Spanish land grants, does not use the Public Land Survey System [1] (also known as the Section Township Range and the Jeffersonian System). Land grants from the state of Texas to railroad companies were often patented in blocks ...

  8. Quadrangle (geography) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrangle_(geography)

    Beginning in 2009, the USGS made available digital versions of 7.5 minute quadrangle maps based on GIS data that use the NAD83 datum, which is typically within one meter of WGS84, or within the uncertainty of most GPS coordinate measurements. The USGS also produces quarter quadrangle (QQ) maps of areas 3.75 minutes square. [3] [4] [5]

  9. Chain (unit) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_(unit)

    Distances on township plat maps made by the US General Land Office are shown in chains. Under the US Public Land Survey System, parcels of land are often described in terms of the section (640 acres or 259 hectares), quarter-section (160 acres or 64.7 hectares), and quarter-quarter-section (40 acres or 16.19 hectares). Respectively, these ...