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History of Western civilization – record of the development of human civilization beginning in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome, and generally spreading westwards. Ancient Greek science, philosophy, democracy, architecture, literature, and art provided a foundation embraced and built upon by the Roman Empire as it swept up Europe, including ...
Western civilization traces its roots back to Europe and the Mediterranean. It began in ancient Greece , transformed in ancient Rome , and evolved into Medieval Western Christendom before experiencing such seminal developmental episodes as the development of Scholasticism , the Renaissance , the Reformation , the Enlightenment , the Industrial ...
The Minoan civilization was a Bronze Age civilization that arose on the island of Crete and flourished from approximately the 27th century BC to the 15th century BC. The Parthenon, located on the Acropolis in Athens, one of the cradles of Western civilization.
Depending on the continent, the era generally falls between the years AD 200–600 and AD 1200–1500. The major classical civilizations that the era follows are Han China (ending in 220), the Western Roman Empire (in 476), the Gupta Empire (in the 550s), and the Sasanian Empire (in 651). Middle Ages – Lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.
800–1500: Mississippian culture spawns powerful chiefdoms of great agricultural Moundbuilders throughout the Eastern woodlands. 875: Patayan people begin farming along the Colorado River valley in western Arizona and eastern California. 900: Earliest event recorded in the Battiste Good (1821–22, Sicangu Lakota) Winter count. [5]
Some of these civilizations had long ceased to function by the time of the first permanent European arrivals (c. late 15th – early 16th centuries), and are known only through archaeological investigations or oral history from nations today. Others were contemporary with this period, and are also known from historical accounts of the time.
Pre-Olmec civilization began with the production of pottery in abundance, around 2300 BCE in the Grijalva River delta. Between 1600 and 1500 BCE, the Olmec civilization had begun, with the consolidation of power at their capital, a site today known as San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán near the coast in southeast Veracruz. [50]
Xenocrates (c. 396 – 314 BC). Disciple of Plato. Aristotle (c. 384 – 322 BC). A polymath whose works ranged across all philosophical fields. Theophrastus (c. 371 – c. 287 BC).