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The genetic divergence of R1a (M420) is estimated to have occurred 25,000 [2] years ago, which is the time of the last glacial maximum.A 2014 study by Peter A. Underhill et al., using 16,244 individuals from over 126 populations from across Eurasia, concluded that there was "a compelling case for the Middle East, possibly near present-day Iran, as the geographic origin of hg R1a". [2]
Its main subgroups are R1a and R1b. One subclade of haplogroup R1b (especially R1b1a2), is the most common haplogroup in Western Europe and Bashkortostan ( Lobov 2009 ), while a subclade of haplogroup R1a (especially haplogroup R1a1 ) is the most common haplogroup in large parts of South Asia , Eastern Europe , Central Asia , Western China ...
Haplogroup R1b is dominant throughout Western Europe. While it was once seen as a lineage connecting Britain and Ireland to Iberia, where it is also common, it is now believed that both R1b and R1a entered Europe with Indo-European migrants likely originating around the Black Sea; [8] R1a and R1b are now the most common haplotypes in Europe.
These two haplogroups (R1a and R1b) are connected to Proto-Indo-Europeans migration from the Eurasian area some 5,000 years ago, [25] with R1a particularly to Slavic population's migration. [ 16 ] [ 23 ] Their frequency show north–south gradiation and an opposite frequency distribution to the haplogroup I-P37.2, [ 25 ] and the highest ...
The distribution of haplogroups other than R1b varies widely from one region to another. In Portugal as a whole the R1b haplogroups rate 70%, with some areas in the Northwest regions reaching over 90%. [71] Although R1b prevails in much of Western Europe, a key difference is found in the prevalence in Iberia of R-DF27 (R1b1a1a2a1a2a).
R1 has two descendant subclades: R1a and R1b. R1a is associated with the proto-Indo-Iranian and Balto-Slavic peoples, and is now found predominantly in Central Asia, South Asia, and Eastern Europe. Haplogroup R1b is the dominant haplogroup of Western Europe and is also found sparsely distributed among various peoples of Asia and Africa.
Haplogroup R1b (R-M343), previously known as Hg1 and Eu18, is a human Y-chromosome haplogroup.. It is the most frequently occurring paternal lineage in Western Europe, as well as some parts of Russia (e.g. the Bashkirs) and across the Sahel in Central Africa, namely: Cameroon, Chad, Guinea, Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Nigeria and Senegal (concentrated in parts of Chad with concentration in the ...
The majority, around 70.1% fell into haplogroups and subclades of I, R1a and R1b which are specific to European populations. [1] The top four Y-DNA haplogroups among the sample of 1228 Russians are: [1] Haplogroup R1a (Y-DNA) – with an average of 46.7%; Haplogroup I (Y-DNA) – with an average of 17.6%; Haplogroup N (Y-DNA) with an average of ...