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Personal development or self-improvement consists of activities that develops a person's capabilities and potential, enhance quality of life, and facilitate the realization of dreams and aspirations. [1] Personal development may take place over the course of an individual's entire lifespan and is not limited to one stage of a person's life.
Personality development is also dimensional in description and subjective in nature. [2] That is, personality development can be seen as a continuum varying in degrees of intensity and change. It is subjective in nature because its conceptualization is rooted in social norms of expected behavior, self-expression, and personal growth.
Personal development planning is based on the input that the person gets from the various psychosocioeconomic interactions and triggered responses. The environment that this happens in and the quality of experiences that the person gets significantly affect the person's nature of planning, and it creates a base for their worldview.
Life skills are abilities for adaptive and positive behavior that enable humans to deal effectively with the demands and challenges of life. [1] This concept is also termed as psychosocial competency. [ 2 ]
An example of a non-Western model for development stages is the Indian model, focusing a large amount of its psychological research on morality and interpersonal progress. The developmental stages in Indian models are founded by Hinduism, which primarily teaches stages of life in the process of someone discovering their fate or Dharma . [ 153 ]
Air, for example, is a physiological need; a human being requires air more urgently than higher-level needs, such as a sense of social belonging. Physiological needs are critical to "meet the very basic essentials of life". [13] This allows for cravings such as hunger and thirst to be satisfied and not disrupt the regulation of the body.
Here, the concept of self-actualization was first brought to prominence as part of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory as the final level of psychological development that can be achieved when all basic and mental needs are essentially fulfilled and the "actualization" of the full personal potential takes place. [3] [5]
Lifelong learning is the "ongoing, voluntary, and self-motivated" [1] pursuit of learning for either personal or professional reasons.. Lifelong learning is important for an individual's competitiveness and employability, but also enhances social inclusion, active citizenship, and personal development.