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During the Middle Ages, especially in the Byzantine Empire and in the Middle East, such strips are depicted descending from the back and sides of helmets, to protect the neck while leaving it reasonably free to move. However, no archaeological remains of leather strip defenses for helmets have been found.
A retiarius stabs at a secutor with his trident in this mosaic from the villa at Nennig, c. 2nd–3rd century CE.. A retiarius (plural retiarii; literally, "net-man" in Latin) was a Roman gladiator who fought with equipment styled on that of a fisherman: a weighted net (rete (3rd decl.), hence the name), a three-pointed trident (fuscina or tridens), and a dagger ().
Certainly by the siege of Gamla in 67 CE, it was already in Roman use where a complete spaulder (shoulder guard) for a manica was found in the panoply of L. Magus. [9] This date coincides with the adoption of manica by Gladiators in the late 1st century CE proposed by Robinson, or the first half of the 1st century CE proposed by Bishop. [7] [10]
Thus, the crupellarius' fighting style was suited for men with a large muscular build, able to withstand the weight of the heavy plate armor he wore, as he was one of the most heavily encumbered gladiators with the amount of layered plated iron (especially given the absence of gauntlets and sabatons).
A gladiator (Latin: gladiator ' swordsman ', from Latin gladius 'sword') was an armed combatant who entertained audiences in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire in violent confrontations with other gladiators, wild animals, and condemned criminals. Some gladiators were volunteers who risked their lives and their legal and social standing by ...
New research is revealing the remarkable story of one of Britain’s most enigmatic archaeological finds - a Roman gladiator helmet, discovered buried in a field in East Anglia.. The artefact ...
The toga was considered Rome's "national costume," privileged to Roman citizens but for day-to-day activities most Romans preferred more casual, practical and comfortable clothing; the tunic, in various forms, was the basic garment for all classes, both sexes and most occupations. It was usually made of linen, and was augmented as necessary ...
A rare knife handle in the shape of a gladiator has been discovered at Hadrian’s Wall in the north of England, shining a new light on the celebrity status of the ancient Roman combatants.