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Certain patterns of activity can be indicative of brain disease. In the case of anti-Hu encephalitis, temporal lobe electrical activity changes and the length of certain electrical waves known as delta and theta waves become slowed. [1] Before the diagnosis can be made, other causes of disease need to be ruled out.
It can be caused by a bacterial infection, such as bacterial meningitis, [17] or may be a complication of a current infectious disease such as syphilis (secondary encephalitis). [ 18 ] Other bacterial pathogens, like Mycoplasma and those causing rickettsial disease , cause inflammation of the meninges and consequently encephalitis.
In the Japanese movie called The 8-Year Engagement, a young Japanese woman ends up being in a coma due to anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Knut, a polar bear at the Berlin Zoological Garden that died on 19 March 2011, was diagnosed with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in August 2015. This was the first case discovered in a non-human animal.
Wernicke encephalopathy (WE), also Wernicke's encephalopathy, [1] or wet brain is the presence of neurological symptoms caused by biochemical lesions of the central nervous system after exhaustion of B-vitamin reserves, in particular thiamine (vitamin B 1). [2]
Limbic encephalitis is caused by autoimmunity: an abnormal state where the body produces antibodies against itself. Some cases are associated with cancer and some are not. [1] Although the disease is known as "limbic" encephalitis, it is seldom limited to the limbic system and post-mortem studies usually show involvement of other parts of the ...
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) is a rodent-borne viral infectious disease that presents as aseptic meningitis, encephalitis or meningoencephalitis.Its causative agent is lymphocytic choriomeningitis mammarenavirus (LCMV), a member of the family Arenaviridae.
Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy syndrome (MNGIE) is a rare autosomal recessive mitochondrial disease. [2] It has been previously referred to as polyneuropathy, ophthalmoplegia, leukoencephalopathy, and intestinal pseudoobstruction (POLIP syndrome). [3] The disease presents in childhood, but often goes unnoticed for decades.
Balamuthia mandrillaris is a free-living amoeba that causes the rare but deadly neurological condition granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE). [1] B. mandrillaris is a soil-dwelling amoeba and was first discovered in 1986 in the brain of a mandrill that died in the San Diego Wild Animal Park.
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