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The health effects associated with organophosphate poisoning are a result of excess acetylcholine (ACh) present at different nerve synapses and neuromuscular junctions across the body. Specifically, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the enzyme that normally and constantly breaks down acetylcholine, is inhibited by the organophosphate substance.
The formation of organophosphates is an important part of biochemistry and living systems achieve this using a variety of enzymes. Phosphorylation is essential to the processes of both anaerobic and aerobic respiration, which involve the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the "high-energy" exchange medium in the cell.
Health effects of pesticides may be acute or delayed in those who are exposed. [1] Acute effects can include pesticide poisoning, which may be a medical emergency. [2] Strong evidence exists for other, long-term negative health outcomes from pesticide exposure including birth defects, fetal death, [3] neurodevelopmental disorder, [4] cancer, and neurologic illness including Parkinson's disease ...
PC12 cells showed decreased cell replication and growth, increased oxidative stress, and altered cellular differentiation. [34] In a developing organism, these effects could change the way the brain cells communicate and function, resulting in permanent changes in nervous system function. [35]
Organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN), also called organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDP), is a neuropathy caused by killing of neurons in the central nervous system, especially in the spinal cord, as a result of acute or chronic organophosphate poisoning.
Terbufos, also known as S-((tert-butylthio)methyl) O,O-diethyl phosphorodithioate, [17] is a compound classified as an organophosphate.Terbufos consists of a central phosphorus atom, surrounded by four different groups.
In a study published in Genome Biology, [6] researchers demonstrated the gut microbiota mediated diabetogenic effect of organophosphate insecticides. They used monocrotophos as the prototypical organophosphate in their study and showcased that during chronic intake, monocrotophos is degraded by the gut microbiota and the end products are converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis that account ...
Dichlofenthion is an organophosphate insecticide that has previously been used in various countries for agricultural purposes to control pests. The compound is still persistent in the environment today. Consequently, areas where agricultural practices involve the use of dichlofenthion may pose risks of exposure to humans.