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The Royal Papua New Guinea Constabulary (RPNGC) has become "ineffective, corrupt and often abusive" according to a leaked diplomatic cable from the US Embassy in Port Moresby. One report by National Integrity Systems reported gifts and favors being offered to the police in order for cases to be ‘swept under the carpet’. [ 8 ]
At 462,840 km 2 (178,704 sq mi), Papua New Guinea is the world's 54th-largest country and the third-largest island country. [14] Papua New Guinea is part of the Australasian realm, which also includes Australia, New Zealand, eastern Indonesia, and several Pacific island groups, including the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu.
The new extreme poverty line of $2.15 per person per day is based on 2017 PPPs. [7] This means that anyone living on less than $2.15 a day is considered to be living in extreme poverty. About 692 million people globally were in this situation in 2024. [8]
The World Bank estimates the number of international migrants in Papua New Guinea to be about 0.3% of the population. [3] According to the 2000 and 2011 census, the most common places of origin for international migrants were the United States, Australia, the Philippines, and Indonesia. [4]
The economy of Papua New Guinea (PNG) is largely underdeveloped with the vast majority of the population living below the poverty line. [20] However, according to the Asian Development Bank its GDP is expected to grow 3.4% in 2022 and 4.6% in 2023. [ 21 ]
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The governments of both Bougainville and Papua New Guinea held a two-week referendum period which began on 23 November 2019 and closed on 7 December 2019, which is the final step in the Bougainville Peace Agreement. [31] The referendum question was a choice between greater autonomy within Papua New Guinea, or full independence.
Other instances of homelessness include families who have lost their homes due to natural disasters. In 2017, around 500 people became homeless following floods in the Eastern Highlands Province. [4] In 2007, some 13,000 people became homeless following flooding in the Northern Province. [5]