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Methylcobalamin is produced by some bacteria. [citation needed] It plays an important role in the environment, where it is responsible for the biomethylation of certain heavy metals. For example, the highly toxic methylmercury is produced by the action of methylcobalamin. [12] In this role, methylcobalamin serves as a source of "CH 3 +".
Diagnosing Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Cancer [38] If cancer is suspected as the cause of vitamin B12 deficiency, several diagnostic steps are necessary: Blood Tests : A simple blood test can measure vitamin B12 levels, along with other markers such as homocysteine and methylmalonic acid, which may also indicate a deficiency.
Besides that, the efficacy of methylcobalamin administration in treating vitamin B12 deficiency remains uncertain. While directly providing active cobalamin forms to deficient patients is an attractive approach promoted by the manufacturers of methylcobalamin products, it is not known whether methylcobalamin can reach its intracellular targets ...
As a supplement it is used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency including pernicious anemia. [1] [2] Other uses include treatment for cyanide poisoning, Leber's optic atrophy, and toxic amblyopia. [3] [4] It is given by injection into a muscle or vein, [2] by pill or sublingually. Side effects are generally few. [2]
Cerefolin is a prescription medication made by Pamlab that contains 5.635 mg of folate as L-methylfolate, 1 mg of vitamin B 12 as methylcobalamin, 50 mg of vitamin B 2 as riboflavin, and 5 mg of vitamin B 6 as pyridoxine. It is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment or prevention of vitamin deficiencies. [1]
Treatment using oral drugs is an easier option in management but the bioavailability of B12 is low. This is due to low absorption in the intestine, and breakdown by enzyme activity. Research continues to focus on the use of permeation enhancers or permeation absorbers in combination with the treatment.