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In the kidney, the loop of Henle (English: / ˈ h ɛ n l i /) (or Henle's loop, Henle loop, [1] nephron loop [2] or its Latin counterpart ansa nephroni) is the portion of a nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule.
The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is a direct continuation from the descending limb of loop of Henle, and one of the structures in the nephron of the kidney. The ascending limb has a thin and a thick segment. The ascending limb drains urine into the distal convoluted tubule.
Both limbs of the loop of Henle are lined with the simple squamous epithelium. [2] Their main function is to regulate the levels of water and solutes in the primary urine . The basement membrane of the thin limb in humans has very uniform nodular thickenings that form a network that surrounds the tubule and acts as a support structure that is ...
The epithelium in the thick segment of the descending limb consists of low simple cuboidal cells, which resemble those found in the proximal tubule.In contrast, the epithelium transitions to a simple squamous type in the thin segment, which is less metabolically active and has minimal surface specializations.
The medulla is divided into outer and inner regions. The outer region consists of short loops of Henle and collecting ducts, and the inner region consists of long loops of Henle and collecting ducts. [28] After passing through the loop of Henle, the fluid becomes hypertonic relative to the blood plasma. [78] The renal portal system is absent in ...
This illustration demonstrates the normal kidney physiology, including the Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT), Loop of Henle, and Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT). It also includes illustrations showing where some types of diuretics act, and what they do. Renal physiology (Latin renes, "kidneys") is the study of the physiology of the kidney.
The loop of Henle is the most prominent feature of the mammalian kidney. These loops provide the most efficient way to reabsorb water and create concentrated urine, allowing mammals to save water in their bodies. [138] After passing through the loop of Henle, the fluid becomes hypertonic relative to the blood plasma. [139]
Pump: The Na + /K + /2Cl − transporter in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle helps to create a gradient by shifting Na + into the medullary interstitium. The thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle is the only part of the nephron lacking in aquaporin—a common transporter protein for water channels.