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The fifteen different rooted binary trees (with unordered children) on a set of four labeled leaves, illustrating 15 = (2 × 4 − 3)‼ (see article text). Double factorials are motivated by the fact that they occur frequently in enumerative combinatorics and other settings. For instance, n‼ for odd values of n counts
From this it follows that the rightmost digit is always 0, the second can be 0 or 1, the third 0, 1 or 2, and so on (sequence A124252 in the OEIS).The factorial number system is sometimes defined with the 0! place omitted because it is always zero (sequence A007623 in the OEIS).
As one special case, it can be used to prove that if n is a positive integer then 4 divides () if and only if n is not a power of 2. It follows from Legendre's formula that the p -adic exponential function has radius of convergence p − 1 / ( p − 1 ) {\displaystyle p^{-1/(p-1)}} .
In number theory, the Kempner function [1] is defined for a given positive integer to be the smallest number such that divides the factorial!. For example, the number 8 {\displaystyle 8} does not divide 1 ! {\displaystyle 1!} , 2 ! {\displaystyle 2!} , or 3 ! {\displaystyle 3!} , but does divide 4 ! {\displaystyle 4!} , so S ( 8 ) = 4 ...
2.4 Modified-factorial denominators. 2.5 Binomial coefficients. 2.6 Harmonic numbers. 3 Binomial coefficients. 4 Trigonometric functions. 5 Rational functions.
A simple arithmetic calculator was first included with Windows 1.0. [5]In Windows 3.0, a scientific mode was added, which included exponents and roots, logarithms, factorial-based functions, trigonometry (supports radian, degree and gradians angles), base conversions (2, 8, 10, 16), logic operations, statistical functions such as single variable statistics and linear regression.
TI SR-50A, a 1975 calculator with a factorial key (third row, center right) The factorial function is a common feature in scientific calculators. [73] It is also included in scientific programming libraries such as the Python mathematical functions module [74] and the Boost C++ library. [75]
Multiplicative partitions of factorials are expressions of values of the factorial function as products of powers of prime numbers. They have been studied by Paul Erdős and others. [1] [2] [3] The factorial of a positive integer is a product of decreasing integer factors, which can in turn be factored into prime numbers.