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To avoid dealing with negative numbers, a false Easting of −500 000 meters is added to the central meridian. Thus a point that has an easting of 400 000 meters is about 100 km west of the central meridian. For most such points, the true distance would be slightly more than 100 km as measured on the surface of the Earth because of the ...
Conversion of coordinates and map positions among different map projections reference to the same datum may be accomplished either through direct translation formulas from one projection to another, or by first converting from a projection to an intermediate coordinate system, such as ECEF, then converting from ECEF to projection . The formulas ...
To ensure that the northing and easting coordinates on a map are not negative (thus making measurement, communication, and computation easier), map projections may set up a false origin, specified in terms of false northing and false easting values, that offset the true origin. For example, in UTM, the origin of each northern zone is a point on ...
The false easting, E 0, is the distance of the true grid origin east of the false origin. The false northing , N 0 , is the distance of the true grid origin north of the false origin. If the true origin of the grid is at latitude φ 0 on the central meridian and the scale factor the central meridian is k 0 then these definitions give eastings ...
Coordinates may also be given relative to the origin of the entire 500 by 500 km (310 by 310 mi) grid (in the format easting, northing). For example, the location of the Spire of Dublin on O'Connell Street may be given as 315904, 234671 as well as O1590434671. Coordinates in this format must never be truncated, because, for example, 31590 ...
The United States National Grid (USNG) is a multi-purpose location system of grid references used in the United States.It provides a nationally consistent "language of location", optimized for local applications, in a compact, user friendly format.
The first number is always the easting and the second is the northing. The easting and northing are in metres from the false origin. The ITM co-ordinate for the Spire of Dublin on O'Connell Street is: 715830, 734697. The first figure is the easting and means that the location is 715,830 metres east from the false origin (along the X axis).
Note: Easting (E), Northing (N), Upwardness (U). ... there exist equations for converting coordinates between the spherical coordinate system and others. ...