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According to the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, rice production in Bangladesh reached about 39.1 million tonnes in the fiscal year 2022–23 (FY23), [12] while rice imports were around 1.05 million tonnes, a notable decline from 2.65 million tonnes in 2021. [11] [13]
Its export has enhanced India's annual basmati foreign exchange earning from ₹50000 million in 2009 to ₹264165.382 million (US$3,540.4 million) in 2021–22 [8] Pusa 1121 has major export share of ~70%. Pusa Basmati 1121 is widely recognised as the world's longest grain rice and is grown and traded widely in the neighbouring Pakistan. [9]
Basmati rice has a typical pandan-like (Pandanus amaryllifolius leaf) flavour caused by the aroma compound 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline. [31] Basmati grains contain about 0.09 ppm of this aromatic chemical compound naturally, a level that is about 12 times as much as non-basmati rice varieties, giving basmati its distinctive fragrance and flavour. [32]
Rice can come in many shapes, colours and sizes. This is a list of rice cultivars, also known as rice varieties.There are several species of grain called rice. [1] Asian rice (Oryza sativa) is most widely known and most widely grown, with two major subspecies (indica and japonica) and over 40,000 varieties. [2]
It is a medium- to long-grained rice. It is known for its nutty aroma and taste, which is caused by the chemical compound 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline. [2] Varieties of aromatic rice include Ambemohar, Basmati, Jasmine, Sona Masuri, Texmati, Tulaipanji, Tulshimala, Wehani, Kalijira, Chinigura, Gobindobhog, Kali Mooch and wild Pecan rice.
Since 2019, Bangladesh ranked as the third-largest producer of rice globally, [12] reaching about 39.1 million tonnes in 2023. [13] Rice is cultivated in three distinct seasons, [11] with the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute playing a significant role in researching and developing methods to improve its production. [14]
All Samba rice grain is harvested locally by the mallas [who?] of India and there are many sub-varieties ranging in grain size and price. Seeraga Samba is the most expensive sub-variety and has the finest grain. It is approximately a third the size of a grain of basmati rice [citation needed].
Pakistan’s basmati rice is loved & celebrated for its unique aroma and long grains, making it a staple in local cuisine. With varieties like Super Basmati and Basmati 1121, it has earned global acclaim, contributing significantly to Pakistan's agricultural economy. Efforts for Geographical Indication (GI) status aim to preserve its authenticity.