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  2. Gadsden Purchase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gadsden_Purchase

    The Gadsden Purchase (Spanish: Venta de La Mesilla "La Mesilla sale") [2] is a 29,640-square-mile (76,800 km 2) region of present-day southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico that the United States acquired from Mexico by the Treaty of Mesilla, which took effect on June 8, 1854. The purchase included lands south of the Gila River and west ...

  3. New Laws - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Laws

    The New Laws were the results of a reform movement in reaction to what were considered to be the less effective, decades-old Leyes de Burgos (Laws of Burgos), issued by King Ferdinand II of Aragon on December 27, 1512. These laws were the first intended to regulate relations between the Spanish and the recently conquered indigenous peoples of ...

  4. Laws of the Indies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laws_of_the_Indies

    The Laws of the Indies (Spanish: Leyes de las Indias) are the entire body of laws issued by the Spanish Crown for the American and the Asian possessions of its empire. They regulated social, political, religious, and economic life in these areas. The laws are composed of myriad decrees issued over the centuries and the important laws of the ...

  5. Separation of church and state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state

    However, the role of religion in society is regulated by several articles of the Romanian Constitution. Art 29. Freedom of Conscience. (1) Freedom of thought and opinion, as well as freedom of religion, cannot be limited in any way. No one shall be coerced to adopt an opinion or adhere to a religious faith against their will.

  6. Mesilla Plaza - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesilla_Plaza

    Mesilla Plaza is the central plaza in the small town of Mesilla in far southern New Mexico.The plaza and a number of its surrounding buildings are a National Historic Landmark District, significant for its role in the transfers of power that brought first the original New Mexico Territory and later the Gadsden Purchase into United States control.

  7. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Guadalupe_Hidalgo

    The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo[a] officially ended the Mexican–American War (1846–1848). It was signed on 2 February 1848 in the town of Guadalupe Hidalgo. After the defeat of its army and the fall of the capital in September 1847, Mexico entered into peace negotiations with the U.S. envoy, Nicholas Trist. The resulting treaty required ...

  8. Valladolid debate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valladolid_debate

    The Valladolid debate (1550–1551 in Spanish La Junta de Valladolid or La Controversia de Valladolid) was the first moral debate in European history to discuss the rights and treatment of Indigenous people by European colonizers. Held in the Colegio de San Gregorio, in the Spanish city of Valladolid, it was a moral and theological debate about ...

  9. Plan of Iguala - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan_of_Iguala

    The Plan of Iguala, [2] also known as The Plan of the Three Guarantees ("Plan Trigarante") or Act of Independence of North America, [3] was a revolutionary proclamation promulgated on 24 February 1821, in the final stage of the Mexican War of Independence from Spain. The Plan stated that Mexico was to become a constitutional monarchy, whose ...